第1个回答 2013-06-06
大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
1）规则变化
单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er、-est来构成比较级和最高级。
构成法原级比较级最高级
一般单音节词
末尾加-er,-est tall（高的）tallertallest
great（巨大的）greatergreatest
以不发音的e结尾
的单音词和少数
以- le结尾的双音
节词只加-r,-stnice（好的）nicernicest
large（大的）largerlargest
able（有能力的） ablerablest
以一个辅音字母
结尾的闭音节单
音节词，双写结尾
的辅音字母，
再加-er，-estbig（大的）biggerbiggest
hot（热的）hotterhottest
“以辅音字母+y”
结尾的双音节词，
改y为i，
再加-er，-esteasy（容易的）easiereasiest
busy（忙的）busierbusiest
少数以-er，-ow
结尾的双音节词
末尾加-er，-estclever（聪明的）cleverer cleverest
narrow（窄的）narrower narrowest
其他双音节词和
多音节词，在前
面加more，most
来构成比较级和
最高级。�mportant（重要的）
more important
most important
easily（容易地）
more easily
most easily
2）不规则变化
原级比较级最高级
good（好的）/betterbest
well（健康的）
bad（坏的）/worseworst
ill（有病的）
old（老的）older/elderoldest/eldest
much/many（多的）moremost
little（少的）lessleast
far（远的）farther/furtherfarthest/furthest
weak:→ weaker,→ weakest
angry:→ angrier→ angriest
famous: →more famous,→ most famous
quick:→ quicker →quickest
early:→ earlier →earliest
free →freer(freeer这个不常用)→ freest
calm→ calmer →calmest
wild →wilder→ wildest
serious→ more serious→ most serious
athletic→ more athletic →most athletic
necessary→ more necessary →most necessarypoor→poorer→poorest fast→faster→fastest
fast→faster→fastest
big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottesdry→drier→driest不规则变化：
good / well→better→best
bad / ill→worse→worst
many / much→more→most
little→less→least
late→later→ / latest
late→latter→last
far→farther→farthest
far→further→furthest没有比较等级变化的形容词或副词：anterior(前面的), posterior(以后的), superior(较优的), inferior(较劣的), junior(年少的), senior(年长的), prior(顺序在先的)。这类词本身就含有比较的意思在内，所以没有比较级和最高级，也无需在前面再加上more，但要在后面加上介词to。举例：1) Beethoven is my favorite musician, I regard him as other musicians.A) superior to B) more superior than C) more superior to D) superior than2) Germans used to believe that all other races were inferior them.A) than B) for C) to D) from同级比较：as + 形容词或副词原级 + as(和……一样地)；否定形式：not as (so) + 形容词或副词原级 + as(不及……)举例：1) Most doctors recognize that medicine is .A) an art as much it is a science B) as much an art as it is a scienceC) as an art as much it is science D) much an art as it is a science两者之间的比较：more… than结构：形容词或副词的比较级 + than；否定形式：less… than/原句中形容词或副词的反义词的比较级 + than。形容词和副词的比较级前面可用much, rather, still, even, (by) far, yet, hardly, no, a bit, a little, a good/great deal, a lot/lots, three times等程度副词来修饰。(注意：many不能用来修饰比较级)。more than 前面可用 no, scarcely, nothing, little, hardly, almost, nearly等副词来修饰。(hardly more than不够，不超过； almost more than, nearly more than 几乎超过；as much as 表示程度多达……；more than或more … than 表示“与其说…不如说…”，“宁愿…也不愿”)举例：1) The little man was meter fifty high.A) almost more than B) hardly more than C) nearly more than D) as much as2) Certain programs work better for some for others.A) and B) than C) as D) but3) He likes doing some reading at home to the cinema.A) than to go B) than going C) more than going D) rather than to go4) Indeed, almost every scientist now finds it impossible to read all the works relevant to his own subject, extensively outside of it.A) much less to read B) much more to read C) much less reading D) still more reading三者以上的比较：the + 最高级 + in /of/among或 one + of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数。最高级前面可以有副词修饰，如：much, by far, easily, nearly, almost, by no means, not really, next, the second/third, but one。如：Light travel (the) fastest of all forms of matter.在所有物质中，光运动得最快。倍数表示法：1) 倍2) 数 + as + a./ad. + as3) x times + 形容词/副词的比较级 + than4) x times + the size (length, width, breadth, depth, value, level, velocity(速度，5) 速率) of /that …)6) double/treble(三倍7) 的)/quadruple(四倍8) 的) + 名9) 词10) increase/expend (be, go up, speed up, raise, rise) + by + 倍11) 数/数字百分比, by后表示的是净增加数。Decrease, reduce, drop, go down表示相反意义。Increase/expend (be, go up, speed up, raise, rise) + to + 数字(一定的量)。举例：1) The boy students in this school are nearly as the girl students to say they intend to get a college degree in business.A) as likely twice B) likely as twice C) as twice likely D) twice as likely2) She didn’t regret paying 200 dollars for the bookcase. As a matter of fact, she would gladly have paid for it.A) as much twice B) much as twice C) as twice much D) twice as much3) Last year Mike earned his brother, though his brother has a better position.A) twice as much as B) twice as many as C) twice than D) twice as more as4) Between 1974 and 1997, the number of overseas visitors expanded 27%.A) by B) for C) to D) inthe + 比较级 (+ 主语 + 谓语)， the + 比较级 (+ 主语 + 谓语)，表示“越……越……”。More of a 意为“胜过，超过”；as much of a 意为“称得上”；less of a 意为“算不上” 举例：1) She is a musician than her brother.A) much of B) much as C) more of D) more asnot more than意思为“不超过，不及”；no more than为“只不过，仅仅”。more(less)…than为“与其说…，不如说…”。当more后面接复数名词时，不可用much修饰，这时须用many或far等程度副词来修饰。如：many more opportunities(或far more opportunities)much more money (或far more money) 记忆口诀6、特殊的形容词、副词的比较级、最高级
一分为二有两个，
一是远来一是老。
合二为一共三对，
坏病两多并两好。
还有一词双意含，
只译少来不译小。本回答被网友采纳