Hengyang, a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Hunan Province, is located in southern China and central and southern Hunan Province. It is an important member of the urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, a sub-central city in Hunan Province, and a political, economic, military, and cultural center in southern Hunan. Hengyang City straddles the Xiangjiang River and is one of the important transportation hubs in Hunan Province and Central South China. Many important highways and railway trunk lines meet here. Hengyang is located in the concave axial zone of Central South China, which constitutes a typical basin situation and belongs to subtropical monsoon climate.
Hengyang Basin is an important part of the Xiangzhong Basin, with a north-high and south-low terrain. The mountains over 1000 meters high extend for dozens of kilometers to the south of the Hengyang Basin. The north side of the Hengyang Basin is relatively low, while the Hengshan Mountain Range is higher. However, the peaks are columnar and stand upright in the middle, with lower northward passages on both sides. The east side has the Xiangjiang River valley, with an altitude of less than 100 meters on both banks. The entire terrain slopes from southwest to northeast, while the basin descends from the surrounding area to the center.
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