求初中英语考纲单词,语法。

详细一点

1. able (adj.) 能…
词组:be able to do sth. 有能力做某事
词性转化:ability (n.) 能力
one’s ability to do sth.某人做…的能力
句型转换考点:(1) be able to do 转化为manage to do, 解释为“成功做成某事”。
(2) be unable to do相当于fail to do sth./fail in sth.
He never studies hard, so he wasn’t able to pass the exam.(改为同义句)
→He never studies hard, so he failed to pass the exam.
→He never studies hard, so he failed in the exam.
2. about (prep.) 大约(=more or less than),左右, 周围
例:He is about thirty years old.(他大约三十岁了。)
词组:walk about 四处走来走去 ask about 询问
3. above (adj.)上面的, 上述的 (adv.) 在…上面 (prep.) 在…上方
above & on辨析:前者是垂直高度的比较,后者要触及物体。
under和below的区别和上述相同。
4. abroad (adv.) 往国外
区别:foreign (adj.) 外国的 a foreign language 一门外语
*be动词后方副词的几个结构:
here/there.
I’m upstairs/downstairs.
abroad/over.
5. aboard(adv) 在船上, 在飞机上
6. accept (vt.) 接受,认可
区别:receive (vt.) (某人)收到(某物)
例句:The young girl received the invitation, but she didn’t accept it.
(这个年轻的女孩收了邀请卡,但是她没有同意赴约。)
7. accident (n.) 事故, 意外事件
traffic accident 交通事故
区别:incident (n.)事件, 事变
unexpected, political incident 不可预料的/政治的事件
8. accurate (adj.) 准确的
词性转换:accurately (adv.) 准确地
accuracy (n.) 精确性, 准确度
9. achieve (v.) (胜利)完成, 达到
词性转换:achievement (n.) 成就
He has achieved a lot in physics. (他在物理方面有许多成就。)
10. across (prep.) 在…的对面 (adv.) 横过
walk across the street 横穿马路 sail across the ocean 横跨大洋
区别:cross (v.) 穿过 cross the street 穿马路
across & through :前者是平面穿过,后者是立体空间内的穿过。
11. act (v.) 表演 (n.) 演技
action (n.) 措施, 举措
take immediate action to do sth. 对…立刻采取措施
actor, actress (n.) 男演员, 女演员
active (adj.) 积极的
take an active part in 积极参与
actively (adv.) 积极地
activity (n.) 活动
take part in activities in or after class 课内和课后积极参加活动
12. add (v.) 增加
add to 增加了
例① :The unexpected storm added to the difficulties in Shanghai.
(这个突如其来的暴风雪给上海雪上加霜。)
例② :This stamp has added to the album.(这张邮票给邮册增色不少。)
add sth. to 给…加上…
add a brick to the wall 给墙加上一块砖
add up to 数量总计为…
例句:The number of the students here adds up to sixty.(这里所有的学生加起来有60人。)
addition (n.) 增加(物)
in addition to=besides 除了…还有
except 除去(同类)
except for 除去(不同类)
例① :This composition was written very well except for some spelling mistakes.
(这篇作文除了一些拼写错误以外都非常好。) <spelling mistakes, composition不同类>
例② :This coat fits her except for its color.
(除了颜色以外这件外套很适合她。) <color, coat不同类>
例③ :London is a good city except for its weather.(除了天气以外, 伦敦是一个好城市。)
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第1个回答  2012-02-26
city has a long history.
14. hold-held-held举起,握住
hold a meeting
be held被举行
get\catch hold of抓住
hold up举起
15. hope—hopeful-
hopeless
hope to do sth.
I hope that I will…
hope for…希望。。。
16. hot—hotter-hottest
17. hungry-hungrier-
hungriest
hunger
18. hurry
hurry up =go in a hurry
hurry off to do sth.
匆忙离开去做某事
19. hurt—hurt—hurt
I
1. ice—icy
2. idea
I have no idea.
第2个回答  2012-02-29
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