1. can (could)
1ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºè½å,could主è¦æè¿å»æ¶é´.
Two eyes can see more than one. 两åªç¼æ¯ä¸åªç¼çå¾æ¸
.
Could the girl read before she went to school? è¿å¥³å©ä¸å¦åè½è¯åå?
2ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºå¯è½ï¼ç论ä¸ææ¯é»è¾å¤æä¸ï¼.
The temperature can fall to â60â, that is 60â below freezing.
æ°æ¸©å¯éè³â60â,ä¹å°±æ¯é¶ä¸60â.
He can´t (couldn´t) have enough money for a new car. ä»ä¸å¯è½æ足å¤çé±ä¹°æ°è½¦.
You mustn´t smoke while you´re walking around in the wood. You could start a fire.
å¨æåéèµ°æ¶å¿å¸ç,é£æ ·å¯è½ä¼å¼èµ·ç«ç¾.
3ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºå
许.
Can I have a look at your new pen? æå¯ä»¥çä¸çä½ çæ°é¢ç¬å?
He asked whether he could take the book out of the readingâroom.
ä»é®ä»å¯ä¸å¯ä»¥æ书带åºé
è§å®¤.
4ï¼è¡¨æå¼ãæçãä¸ç¸ä¿¡çæ度.主è¦ç¨äºå¦å®å¥ãçé®å¥ææå¹å¥ä¸.
Where can (could) they have gone to? ä»ä»¬ä¼å»åªå¿äºå¢?
He can´t (couldn´t) be over sixty. ä»ä¸å¯è½è¶
è¿å
åå².
How can you be so careless? ä½ æä¹è¿ä¹ç²å¿?
5ï¼æ¯è¾å§å©å®¢æ°å°æåºé®é¢æéè¿°çæ³.
Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮æä¸æ好å?
I´m afraid we couldn´t give you an answer today. æææ们ä»å¤©ä¸è½ç»ä½ çå¤.
2. may (might)
1ï¼è¡¨å
许,mightå¯ä»¥æè¿å»æ¶é´,ä¹å¯æç°å¨æ¶é´,è¯æ°æ´å§å©.
You may take whatever you like. ä½ å欢ä»ä¹å°±æ¿ä»ä¹.
He told me that I might smoke in the room. ä»åè¯æå¯ä»¥å¨æ¿é´éæ½ç.
May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? æå¯ä»¥è¦ä¸å¼ ä½ å®å®çç
§çå?
å¨åç以mayå¼èµ·çé®å¥æ¶,å¤é¿å
ç¨è¿ä¸ªè¯,èç¨å
¶å®æ¹å¼,å¦Yes, please. / Certainly.
/ Please don´t ./ You´d better not. / No, you mustn´t.ç,以å
æ¾å¾å¤ªä¸¥å³»æä¸å®¢æ°.
2ï¼è¡¨å¯è½ï¼äºå®ä¸ï¼.å¯ä»¥æè¿å»æ¶é´,ä¹å¯ä»¥æç°å¨æ¶é´,ä½è¯æ°æ´å ä¸è¯å®.
He may be at home. ä»å¯è½å¨å®¶.
She may not know about it. 她å¯è½ä¸ç¥éè¿ä»¶äº.
He was afraid they might not agree with him. ä»æ
å¿ä»ä»¬å¯è½ä¸åæä»çæè§.
They might be having a meeting, but I´m not sure. ä»ä»¬æå¯è½å¨å¼ä¼,ä¸è¿æä¸è¯å®.
3. must
1ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºä¹å¡.æ为âå¿
é¡»âï¼ä¸»è§æå¿ï¼.
We must do everything step by step. æ们ä¸åé½å¿
须循åºæ¸è¿å°å.
You mustn´t talk to her like that. ä½ ä¸å¯è½é£æ ·å¯¹å¥¹è¯´è¯.
--Must we hand in our exerciseâbooks now? æ们ç°å¨å°±è¦äº¤ç»ä¹ æ¬å?
--No, you needn´t. / No, you don´t have to. ä¸å¿
.ï¼è¿ç§æ
åµä¸,ä¸è¬ä¸ç¨mustn´tï¼
2ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºæ£æµ.æ为âæ³å¿
ãåæ¯ãä¸å®âç,åªç¨äºè¯å®å¥.
He must be ill. He looks so pale. ä»åæ¯ç
äº.ä»çè¸è²èç½.
She´s wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money. 她æ´çé»ç³é¡¹é¾,ä¸å®å¾æé±.
4. shall
1ï¼è¡¨å¾è¯¢æè§,ç¨äºç¬¬ä¸ã第ä¸äººç§°çé®å¥.
Shall I get you some tea? æç»ä½ ç¹è¶å¥½å?
Shall the boy wait outside? 让é£ç·å©å¨å¤é¢çå?
What shall we do this evening? æ们ä»æåä»ä¹?
2ï¼è¡¨è¯´è¯äººçææ¿,æâå½ä»¤ãå
诺ãè¦åãå³å¿âçææ,ç¨äºç¬¬äºã第ä¸äººç§°éè¿°å¥.
You shall do as I say. ææ说çå.ï¼å½ä»¤ï¼
You shall have my answer tomorrow. ä½ æ天å¯ä»¥å¾å°æççå¤.ï¼å
诺ï¼
He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you. æä¸å¤©ä»ä¼åæç,æåè¯ä½ .ï¼è¦åï¼
Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan. ä»ä¹ä¹ä¸è½é»æ¢æ们æ§è¡è¿é¡¹è®¡å.ï¼å³å¿ï¼
5. will
1ï¼è¡¨ææ¿,ç¨äºåç§äººç§°éè¿°å¥.
I will do anything for you. ææ¿ä¸ºä½ åä»»ä½äº.
None is so blind as those who won´t see. ä¸æ¿çç人ç¼æç.
If you will read the book, I´ll lend it to you. å¦æä½ æ¿æ读è¿æ¬ä¹¦,æä¼æå®åç»ä½ .
2ï¼è¡¨è¯·æ±,ç¨äºçé®å¥.
Will you close the window? It´s a bit cold. è¯·ä½ æçªæ·å
³ä¸å¥½å?æç¹å·.
Won´t you drink some more coffee? åæ¥ä¸ç¹åå¡å¥½å?
3ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºæç§å¾åæä¹ æ¯æ§å¨ä½.
Fish will die out of water. 鱼离å¼æ°´å°±ä¸è½æ´».
The door won´t open. è¿é¨æä¸å¼.
The boy will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.
é£ç·å©å¸¸å¸¸åå¨é£é好å 个éç¹,çç车è¾è¡äººéè¿.
6. should
1ï¼è¡¨ä¹å¡.æ为âåºè¯¥âï¼æ件äºå®äºåï¼,ç¨äºåç§äººç§°.
You should be polite to your teachers. ä½ å¯¹èå¸åºè¯¥æ礼è².
You shouldn´t waste any time. ä½ ä¸åºè¯¥æµªè´¹æ¶é´.
2ï¼è¡¨æ¨æµ,æ为âæ³å¿
ä¸å®ãç
§è¯´åºè¯¥ã估计âç.
The film should be very good as it is starring firstâclass actors.
è¿é¨æ°çµå½±æ¯ä¸æµæ¼å主æ¼ç,估计æå¾å¾å¥½.
They should be home by now. ç
§è¯´ä»ä»¬ç°å¨åºå½å·²ç»å°å®¶äº.
7.would
1ï¼è¡¨ææ¿.
They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed. ä»ä»¬ä¸è®©ä»è¿å»å 为ä»è¡£çç ´æ§.
I said I would do anything for you. æ说è¿ææ¿æä¸ºä½ åä»»ä½äº.
2ï¼è¡¨å§å©å°æåºè¯·æ±ã建议æçæ³.
Would you like another glass of beer? åæ¥æ¯å¤é
好å?
Would you mind cleaning the window? 请æçªæ·æ¦ä¸ä¸å¥½å?
They wouldn´t have anything against it. ä»ä»¬ä¸ä¼æä»ä¹å对æè§.
3ï¼è¡¨è¿å»åå¤åççå¨ä½æè¿å»çä¸ç§å¾å.
Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help.
她æ¯éå°éº»ç¦é½ä¼å她æ±å©.ä»åè¯æçåæä¸å¼äº.
ï¼äºï¼æ
æå¨è¯åè·å®æå¼åè¿è¡å¼çç¨æ³
1.æ
æå¨è¯åè·å®æå¼,表âåºå½å·²ç»â¦â¦â,âæ³å¿
å·²ç»â¦â¦â,âæ¬æ¥å¯ä»¥â¦â¦âçæ.
I should have finished the work earlier. æåºå½æ©ä¸ç¹å®æè¿é¡¹å·¥ä½ç.
He isn´t here. He must have missed the train. ä»è¿æªå°,ä¸å®æ¯æ²¡èµ¶ä¸ç«è½¦.
Where can (could) he have gone? ä»è½å°é£éå»äºå¢?
You may (might) have read about it. ä½ å¯è½å¨æ¥ä¸å·²ç»è¯»å°è¿ä»¶äºäº.
You could (might) have been more careful. ä½ æ¬æ¥å¯ä»¥æ´ç»å¿ç.
He needn´t have worried about it. ä»æ¬ä¸å¿
为æ¤äºæ
å¿.
There was a lot of fun at yesterday´s party. You ought to have come, but why didn´t you?
æ¨å¤©çèä¼é常æææ.ä½ æ¬åºè¯¥æ¥,为ä½ä¸æ¥å¢?
2. æ
æå¨è¯åè·è¿è¡å¼,表示âæ³å¿
æ£å¨â¦â¦â,âå¯è½æ£å¨â¦â¦â,âåºå½æ£å¨âçæ.
It´s twelve o´clock. They must be having lunch. ç°å¨æ¯åäºç¹.ä»ä»¬ä¸å®æ£å¨åé¥.
They may be discussing this problem. ä»ä»¬å¯è½æ£å¨è®ºè®¨è¿ä¸ªé®é¢.
He can´t be telling the truth. ä»è¯´çä¸å¯è½æ¯çè¯.
She shouldn´t be working like that. She´s still so weak. 她ä¸åºå½é£æ ·å¹²,她身ä½ä»é£ä¹è.
ï¼ä¸ï¼å ç»è¯ç辨å¼
1. can åbe able to
1ï¼æ
æå¨è¯canåªæ两ç§æ¶æå½¢å¼,ç°å¨å¼canåè¿å»å¼could,èbe able toæå¤ç§æ¶æå½¢å¼.
Mary can play the piano. She has been able to play it since she was 5.
ç丽ä¼å¼¹é¢ç´.她äºå²èµ·å°±ä¼å¼¹äº.
2ï¼ç¨å¨è¿å»æ¶ä¸,couldç»å¸¸è¡¨ç¤ºè½å¤åæäº,äºå®ä¸ä¸ä¸å®å»å,èwasâwere able toå表示âè¿å»åæäºæäºâ.å¨å¦å®å¥ä¸ä¸¤è
å¯éç¨.
He could swim across the English Channel. But he didn´t feel like it that day.
ä»è½æ¸¸è¿è±åå©æµ·å³¡,ä½é£å¤©ä»ä¸æ³æ¸¸.
Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain. æ¨å¤©æå¨ä¸å¤§é¨å赶å°äºå®¶é.
2. mustå have to
must表示主è§æå¿,èhave to表示ç±äºå®¢è§å ç´ ä¸å¾ä¸åæäº.must没æè¿å»å¼,é¤å¨é´æ¥å¼è¯ä¸å¯ç¨äºè¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»æ¶é´,å¨ç´æ¥å¼è¯ä¸è¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»æ¶é´åºè¯¥ç¨had to代æ¿.
I told her that she must give up smoking. æå«å¥¹å¿
é¡»æç.
We had to get everything ready that night. æ们é£æå¾æä¸ååå¤å°±ç»ª.
3. wouldåused to
1ï¼used to表示è¿å»ä¸ç°å¨æè¿å»ææ¶ä¸åæ¥çæ
åµæä¸å,èwouldåªè¡¨è¿å»çæ
åµ.
People used to think that the earth was flat.
è¿å»äººä»¬è®¤ä¸ºå°çæ¯å¹³ç.ï¼ç°å¨äººä»¬ä¸è¿ä¹è®¤ä¸º.ï¼
She would go out for a walk in the morning when she was in the country.
å¨ä¹¡ä¸æ¶,她æ»æ¯å¨æ©æ¨å»æ£ä¼å¿æ¥.ï¼å¯è½ç°å¨ä»ææ£æ¥çä¹ æ¯.ï¼
2ï¼used toå¯è¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»çä¹ æ¯å¨ä½åç»å¸¸çæ
åµ,èwouldåªè¡¨ç¤ºè¿å»çä¹ æ¯å¨ä½.
He used to âwould smoke while writing. è¿å»ä»åä¸è¥¿æ¶å¸¸æ½ç.
She used to be fat. 她è¿å»å¾è
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