英语中的比较级谁可以给我讲解一下,详细一点

如题所述

比较级的定义在英语中通常用下列方式表示的词:在形容词或副词前加more(如 more natural,more clearly )或加后缀 -er(newer,sooner )。典型的是指形容词或副词所表示的质、量或关系的增加。英语句子中,将比较两个主体的方法叫做“比较句型”。其中,像“A比B更……”的表达方式称为比较级。组成句子的方式是将形容词或副词变化成比较级的形态。比较级的构成规则  1.一般单音节词和少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词,比较级在后面加-er,最高级在后面加-est;   (1)单音节词   如:small→smaller→smallest short→shorter→shortest   tall→taller→tallest great→greater→greatest   (2)双音节词   如:clever→cleverer→cleverest narrow→narrower→narrowest   2.以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;   如:large→larger→largest nice→nicer→nicest able→abler→ablest   3.在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;   如:big→bigger→biggest hot→hotter→hottest fat→fatter→fattest   4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;   如:easy→easier→easiest heavy→heavier→heaviest   busy→busier→busiest happy→happier→happiest   5.其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;   如:beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful   different→more different→most different   easily→more easily→most easily   注意:(1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the,副词最高级前可不用。   例句: The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.   (2) 形容词most前面没有the,不表示最高级的含义,只表示"非常"。   It is a most important problem.   =It is a very important problem.   6.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。   如:good→better→best well→better→best   bad→worse→worst ill→worse→worst   old→older/elder→oldest/eldest   many/much→more→most little→less→least   far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest比较级的用法  1.“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”。   如:This tree is taller than that one. 这棵树比那棵树高。   注意:   ① 在含有连词than的比较级中,前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较。   ②在比较级前面使用much,表示程度程度“强得多”。   如:A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.   ③ very, quite一般只能修饰原级,不能修饰比较级。   2.“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”   如:It becomes warmer and warmer when spring comes.   春天来了,天气变得越来越暖和了。   It is getting cooler and cooler.   天气越来越凉爽。   The wind became more and more heavily.   风变得越来越大。   Our school is becoming more and more beautiful.   我们的学校变得越来越美丽。   3.在含有or的选择疑问句中,如果有两者供选择,前面的形容词要用比较级形式。   如:Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高,Tim还是Tom?   4. “the +比较级……, the+比较级”,表示“越……越……”。   The more money you make, the more you spend.   钱你赚得越多,花得越多。   The sooner,the better.   越快越好。   5. 表示倍数的比较级用法:   ①. A is …times the size /height/length/width of B.   如:The new building is three times the height of the old one.   这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)   ②. A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.   如:Asia is four times as large as Europe.   亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)   ③. A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.   如:Our school is twice bigger than yours.   我们学校比你们学校大两倍。   6.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较,表示“最……”的意思。   句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如:of the three, in our class等等。   如:He is the tallest in our class.   他在我们班里是最高的。   7."否定词语+比较级","否定词语+ so… as"结构表示最高级含义。   Nothing is so easy as this.   =Nothing is easier than this.   =This is the easiest thing.   8. 比较级与最高级的转换:   Mike is the most intelligent in his class.   Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class   7.修饰比较级和最高级的词   1)可修饰比较级的词   ①.a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等。   ②. 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。   ③. 以上词(除by far)外,必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。   注意: 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。   (错) Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.   (对) Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.   2)下列词可修饰最高级:by far, far, much, mostly, almost。   This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.   注意:   a. very可修饰最高级,但位置与much不同。   This is the very best.   This is much the best.   b. 序数词通常只修饰最高级。   Africa is the second largest continent.   8.要避免重复使用比较级。   (错) He is more cleverer than his brother.   (对) He is more clever than his brother.   (对) He is cleverer than his brother.   9.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。   (错) China is larger that any country in Asia.   (对) China is larger than any other country in Asia.   10.要注意对应句型,遵循前后一致的原则。   The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.   It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.   11.要注意冠词的使用,后有名词的时候,前面才有可能有名词。   比较:Which is larger, Canada or Australia?   Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?   She is taller than her two sisters.   She is the taller of the two sisters.   10.连用词   much ,a little ,a bit,even
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第1个回答  2014-03-04
比较级的用法
1. 表示"比...更", 用比较级形容词+than+比较成分, than后主词的述语动词往往省略, 非正式用法的than后的人称代名词可用受格。

He is younger than I (am).
他比我年轻。

I am a better swimmer than he(him).
我游泳比他好。

2. 表示"较...低; 不及..."用less+原级形容词+than+比较成分。

I am less young than he (is).
我不比他年轻。

3. 表示两者之中"较...", 用the+比较级+of the two。

This one is the bigger of the two houses.
这所房子是两座房子中较大的。

4. 定冠词或指示形容词+比较级+名词表示比较。

The taller boy is John.
那个身材较高的男孩子是约翰。

5. 有少数以ior结尾的形容词, 如inferior(次于), junior(年幼的;下级的), posterior(之后), prior(之前), senior(年长的,上级的), superior(优于)等本身就有比较的意思, 常与介系词to连用。

This method is superior to that one.
这种方法优于那种方法。

6. 比较形容词可以被副词如a little(一点),much(得多), even(更加), still(更加), far(...的多)等修饰, 但不可用very修饰。

中文: 现在的生活比二十年前的生活轻松得多了。
(误)Life is very easier than it was twenty years ago.
(正)Life is very much easier than it was twenty years ago.
较级特殊用法

1. no more… than…与。。。一样不。。。

not more…than… 没有。。。那样。。。,不如。。。

not less… than… 不亚于。。。

2.more than…不止,仅仅,非常,极其 This more than satisfied me.

3.more than a little非常

4.not more than不多于 no (not any) more than不过,仅仅

5.no less than有。。。之多,多达 not less than 至少,不下于

6.neither more nor less than恰好,不多不少,简直,和。。。完全一样

7.better than多于,超过 It is better than 20 km to the station.

8.(in) less than no time立即,一会儿

9.(be) little/no better than实际上,简直就是

10.nothing less than完全是,和。。。一模一样

11.all the more越发,更加

12. any (the) less较小/更小一些

13. all the better更好,更加

14. so much the better/worse (for sb./sth.)甚至更好/更坏

15. go one better (than sb./sth.)胜过。。。一筹

16. more…than…与其说。。。不如说。。。

17. would sooner/rather…than与其。。。宁愿

18. (be) more like…than不象。。。倒象

19. rather…than…/rather than宁可。。。而不

20. other than除了。。。,除。。。之外

21. rather…than otherwise不是别的而是

22. no/none other than正是,除。。。之外无其他

23. no more不再,不复存在,也不,也没有

24. less than不。。。

25. more often than no经常,多半t

26. see more/less of someone更常/少见;再/少见到。。。

27. none + the + 比较级 毫不。。。,毫无。。。

28. have seen better days(现在)情况转坏

29. think better of sth.改变。。。的念头

30. for better or (for) worse无论好坏,同甘共苦

31. all the better因。。。而更加

32. more than meets the eye/ear另有隐情,并非表面那么简单的

More is meant than, meets the ear.意在言外

There is more ( to it ) than meets the eyes.现象背后有文章
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