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ãã主å¨ï¼Tom gave me a present on my birthday. æçæ¥é£å¤©æ±¤å§éæä¸ä»¶ç¤¼ç©ã
ãã被å¨ï¼I was given a present by Tom on my birthday.
ããA present was given to me yesterday.
ãã注æï¼å¦ææç´æ¥å®¾è¯(æç©)æ¹ä¸ºä¸»è¯ï¼åå¨é´æ¥å®¾è¯(æ人)åå éå½çä»è¯ã
ãã1. å¨ä¸åå¨è¯åï¼é常å¨é´æ¥å®¾è¯åç¨ä»è¯toï¼bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, sell, show, take,étellçã
ãã2. å¨ä¸åå¨è¯åï¼ä¸è¬å¨é´æ¥å®¾è¯åç¨ä»è¯forï¼build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, singçã
ãã主å¨ï¼Mother made me a new skirt. æ¯äº²ç»æåäºä»¶è¡¬è¡£ã
ãã被å¨ï¼A new skirt was made for me.
ãã3. ç±äºæäºå¨è¯ä¸ä»è¯æä¹ æ¯æé
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ããPeople all over the world know the Great Wall. ä¸çä¸ç人é½ç¥éé¿åã
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The Great Wall is known to people all over the world. (ä¸ç¨byçè¯)
ãã4. ææ¶ç¨é´æ¥å®¾è¯ä½ä¸»è¯è®²ä¸éæä¸ä¹ æ¯ï¼å¿
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ããTom wrote me a letter.
ãã误ï¼I was written a letter by Tom.
ããæ£ï¼A letter was written to me by Tom.
ãã类似çå¨è¯è¿æï¼return, send, pass, hand, sell, teachçã
ããâ å«å¤å宾è¯(宾è¯+宾补)ç主å¨å¥æ¹ä¸ºè¢«å¨å¥æ¶ï¼ä¸è¬æ主å¨å¥ä¸ç宾è¯æ¹ä¸ºä¸»è¯ï¼è
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ããWe always keep the classroom clean.
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ããThe classroom is always kept clean.
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ããThey asked me to help them.
ããä»ä»¬å«æ帮å©ä»ä»¬ã
ããI was asked to help them.
ããæ被ä»ä»¬å«å»å¸®å¿äºã
ããWe saw them playing football.
ããæ们çå°ä»ä»¬å¨è¸¢è¶³çã
ããThey were seen playing football.
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ãã注æï¼
ãã1. å¨see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feelçå¨è¯åä½å®¾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯ç
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ããWe often hear her sing.
ããæ们ç»å¸¸å¬å°å¥¹å±æã
ããShe is often heard to sing.
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ãã2. å¦æ宾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯æ¯åè¯ï¼å被å¨å¥æ¶ï¼ä¸è¦è¯¯æ宾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯çåè¯ä½ä¸»è¯ãå¦ï¼
ããWe called him an ass.
ããæ们å«ä»å»çã
ãã误ï¼As ass was called him.
ããæ£ï¼He was called an ass.
ããâ çè¯å¨è¯ç被å¨è¯æ
ãã1. âå¨è¯+ä»è¯/å¯è¯âææççè¯å¨è¯ï¼åæ被å¨è¯ææ¶ï¼è¦æå®ä»¬ä½ä¸ºæ´ä½çå¾
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ããThe patient is being operated on.
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ããHis request was turned down.
ããä»çè¦æ±éå°æç»ã
ãã注ï¼è¿ç±»çè¯å¨è¯å¸¸è§çè¿æagree to, ask for, laugh at, listen to, look after, think of, talk about, call onçã常ç¨çç±â
åç©å¨è¯+å¯è¯âææççè¯å¨è¯æbring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put on, put off,
take off, think over, work out, turn out, sell out, use up look up (æ¥è¯¢)çã
ãã2. âå¨è¯+å¯è¯+ä»è¯âææççè¯å¨è¯ï¼åæåå¨è¯ææ¶ï¼è¦æå®ä»¬ä½ä¸ºä¸ä¸ªæ´ä½çå¾
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ããThe poor were looked down upon then.
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ããHe was looked up to by everyone
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ãã注ï¼è¿ç±»çè¯å¨è¯è¿æï¼get out of, look out of, get on withï¼get along with, catch up with, keep up withçã
ãã3. âå¨è¯+åè¯+ä»è¯âææççè¯å¨å¨è¯ï¼å被å¨è¯ææ¶ï¼æ¢å¯å°çè¯å¨è¯åç宾è¯ä½ä¸ºè¢«å¨å¥ç主è¯ï¼ä¹å¯å°çè¯å¨è¯ä¸çåè¯ä½ä¸ºè¢«å¨å¥ç主è¯ã
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ããYou must pay attention to your pronunciation.
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ããYour pronunciation must be paid attention to.
ããAttention must be paid to your pronunciation.
ãã注ï¼è¿ç±»çè¯å¨è¯å¸¸è§çè¿æcatch sight of, make use of, make fun of, make friends with, set fire to, take care of, take hold of, take part in, take notice of, keep an eye onçã
ããâ å½ä¸»å¨å¥ç主è¯æ¯nobody, no oneçå«æå¦å®æä¹ç
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ããNobody can lift this stone.
ããè°ä¹æ¿ä¸èµ·è¿åç³å¤´ã
ãã误ï¼The stone can be lifted by nobody.
ããæ£ï¼The stone can not be lifted by anybody.
ããâ å½å¦å®å¥ä¸ç宾è¯æ¯anything, anybody, anyoneçä¸å®ä»£è¯æ¶ï¼å¨è¢«å¨å¥ä¸åºå°å
¶åå«å为nothing, nobody, no oneä½ä¸»è¯ï¼å¹¶å°è°è¯å¨è¯å为è¯å®ç被å¨è¯æã
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ããThey havenât done anything to make the river clean.
ãã误ï¼Anything hasnât been done to make the river clean.
ããæ£ï¼Nothing has been done to make the river clean.
ããâ 以who为主è¯å¼å¤´ç
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ããWho wrote this novel? è¿é¨å°è¯´æ¯è°åç?
ãã误ï¼Who was this novel written by?
ããæ£ï¼By whom was this novel written?
ããâ 主å¨å¥ä¸å®æè¿è¡æ¶ææ¶ï¼ç¸åºç被å¨å¥å为
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ããHe has been using this dictionary for ten years. è¿æ¬è¯å
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ããThis dictionary has been used for ten years.
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