直接引语转间接引语的时态变化问题？

Question

直接引语转间接引语什么时候时态要变化？我在新概念第一册课本lesson101看到的课文里，Penny转述对方说的话的时候为什么时态没有往后面倒退一个单位？

课文如下：
GRANDMOTHER: Read Jimmy's card to me please, Penny.

　　PENNY: 'I have just arrived in Scotland and I'm staying at a Youth Hostel.'

　　GRANDMOTHER: Eh?

　　PENNY: He says he's just arrived in Scotland. He says he's staying at a Youth Hostel. You know he's a member of the Y.H.A.

　　GRANDMOTHER: The what?

　　PENNY: The Y.H.A., Mum. The Youth Hostels Association.

　　GRANDMOTHER: What else does he say?

　　PENNY: 'I'll write a letter soon. I hope you are all well.'

　　GRANDMOTHER: What? Speak up. Penny. I'm afraid I can't hear you.

　　PENNY: He says he'll write a letter soon. He hopes we are all well. 'Love, Jimmy.'

　　GRANDMOTHER: Is that all? He doesn't say very much, does he?

　　PENNY: He can't write very much on a card, Mum.

Answer 1

你好，直接引语改间接引语的的时态变化如下:
当主句的时态为一般现在时时，从句的谓语用所需要的任何时态
当主句的时态为一般过去时时，从句的谓语就像你说的退一个单位，用相对应得过去时态
在本篇文章中，直接引语改间接引语得句子如下
He says he's just arrived in Scotland.
He says he's staying at a Youth Hostel.
He says he'll write a letter soon.
以上得主句为He says, says 为一般现在时，所以从句时态不需要退一个单位
其实这个变化和宾语从句得变化是一致得
本篇文章中得宾语从句如下:
You remember he's a memeber of the Y.H.A.
He hopes we are all well.
同样的主句you remember和he hopes中得谓语remember和hopes都是一般现在时，所以不需要改成对应得过去时态
希望对你有帮助
谢谢采纳~

Answer 2

这里是城壕，那附近，是花园，
当雪傲梅凝结成冰霜
力士参孙宰杀的狮子鲜肉。
如今以踏在应走的路上
这样的事情照旧愉悦着你
以为有谁会知道的哈哈