to do和doing分别表哪两性

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

To do ,doing都是非谓语动词，即在句子里不做谓语。
同时，doing还是现在分词形式可用于进行时态表示动作正在进行。

to do和doing的区别
to do 是一般将来式,是打算去做什么 ；doing 是现在进行式,是现在正在做什么，也有例外，具体情况具体分析。
A. 跟不定式（to do）作宾语的动词：
want, wish, hope, manage, pretend, decide, learn, agree, expect, demand,
long, ask, care, choose, dare, fail, offer, plan, prepare, promise, refuse, desire,
happen, appear, intend, would like to, be said to;

B. 跟动名词(doing)作宾语的动词：
suggest, admit, finish, avoid, mind, enjoy, delay, practice, excuse sb.
for, advice, consider, escape, miss, risk, dislike, imagine, permit,
require(表被动), appreciate(感激)，understand, insist on, look forward to, get down to, devote oneself to, prefer…to… object to (反对), put off, apologize to sb.
for, give up, forgive sb. for, be worth, be fond of, be good at, be slow in, be active
in, be afraid of, be tired of, be busy, succeed in, prevent/stop/keep sb. from, spend time (in), have difficult/trouble in, It’s no use/good, be pround of, instead of.

C. 跟动名词(doing)和动词不定式（to do）均可的词，含义无区别：
start, begin, continue,
prefer, like, love, hate, 后跟to do 表具体和特定的动作， 后跟 doing 表泛指的动作

D.感官动词 + doing/to do
感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel + do 表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性
例子：
I saw him work in the garden yesterday.
昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）
昨天我见他正在花园里干活。

to do和doing做主语的区别
Ⅰ.动名词和不定式做主语的相同点
1.不定式短语和动名词做主语时,常常为了保持句子的平衡,用it来做形式主语,如：
It is not easy to learn English well.
It is no use asking him for help.
2.如果主语用了不定式,表语和宾语也要用不定式;主语用了动名词,表语和宾语也要用动名词,这在英语中称为对称性,如:
To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. (眼见为实)

Ⅱ.动名词和不定式做主语的不同点
1.不定式做主语常表示具体的某一动作;表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念时,多用动名词,如:
B_ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.

2.在”There/It +be+ no use(good/help/need)”之后常用动名词做主语,而少用不定式,如:
It /There is no use crying over the split milk.
It /There is no help taking this medicine.
但是如果该句型中用了for引出不定式的逻辑主语,就只能用不定式,如:
here is no good for us to do that exercise.

3.不定式可以和when, where, how, what, whether等连用,在句子中做主语,宾语和表语,而动名词则不能,如:
How to solve the problem is a hot potato.
Where to put the box seems hard to decide.
Whether to do it hasn’t been decided.
What to do next is up to you.
连接上还有许多,可以借鉴。

Answer 2

To do ,doing都是非谓语动词，即在句子里不做谓语。同时，doing还是现在分词形式可用于进行时态表示动作正在进行本回答被网友采纳