1、英文
Charlotte Bronte is an English woman writer. She and her two sisters, Emily Bronte and Anne Bronte, are known as the "three Bronte sisters" in the history of English literature.
Charlotte was born in 1816 to a rural clergyman's family in Howard, Yorkshire, northern England. When her mother died young, Charlotte, eight, was sent to the Cowenqiao Boarding School for Women, a charitable institution for orphans of clergy.
At the age of 15, she attended Miss Wooller's school, where she became a teacher a few years later. Later she was a tutor, and eventually she devoted herself to the road of literary creation.
In 1847, Charlotte Bronte published her novel Jane Eyre, which caused a sensation in the literary world.
From the autumn of 1848 to 1849, her brother and two sisters died one after another.
Under the shadow and perplexity of death, she persisted in completing Shelley, expressing her sorrow for her sister Emily, and describing the early spontaneous movement of workers in England.
Her other works, Villette and Teacher, are based on her own life experience.
2、中文
夏洛蒂·勃朗特，英国女作家。她与两个妹妹，即艾米莉·勃朗特和安妮·勃朗特，在英国文学史上有“勃朗特三姐妹”之称。
夏洛蒂1816年生于英国北部约克郡的豪渥斯的一个乡村牧师家庭。母亲早逝，八岁的夏洛蒂被送进一所专收神职人员孤女的慈善性机构——柯文桥女子寄宿学校。
15岁时她进了伍勒小姐办的学校读书，几年后又在这个学校当教师。后来她曾作家庭教师，最终她投身于文学创作的道路。于1847年，夏洛蒂·勃朗特出版长篇小说《简·爱》，轰动文坛。
1848年秋到1849年她的弟弟和两个妹妹相继去世。在死亡的阴影和困惑下，她坚持完成了《谢利》一书，寄托了她对妹妹艾米莉的哀思，并描写了英国早期自发的工人运动。
她另有作品《维莱特》和《教师》，这两部作品均根据其本人生活经历写成。
扩展资料：
夏洛蒂·勃朗特创作《简·爱》时的英国已是世界上的头号工业大国，但英国妇女的地位并没有改变，依然处于从属、依附的地位，女子的生存目标就是要嫁入豪门，即便不能生在富贵人家，也要努力通过婚姻获得财富和地位，女性职业的惟一选择是当个好妻子、好母亲。
以作家为职业的女性会被认为是违背了正当女性气质，会受到男性的激烈攻击，从夏洛蒂姐妹的作品当初都假托男性化的笔名一事，可以想见当时的女性作家面临着怎样的困境。而《简·爱》就是在这一被动的背景下写成的。
参考资料来源：百度百科——夏洛蒂·勃朗特
Charlotte Brontë's reputation has risen rapidly, and feminist criticism has done much to show that she was speaking up for oppressed women of every age.
Charlotte was born in Thornton, Yorkshire, in the north of England, the daughter of an Anglican clergyman who moved with his family to Haworth amid the Yorkshire moors in 1820. After their mother and two eldest children died, Charlotte was left with her sisters Emily and Anne and brother Branwell to the care of their father, and their strict, religious aunt, Elisabeth Branwell. The children created imaginary kingdoms, which were built around Branwell's toy soldiers, and which inspired them to write continuing sagas about the fantasylands of Angria and Gondal.
Charlotte attended the Clergy Daughter's School at Cowan Bridge in 1824. She returned home next year because of the harsh conditions. In 1831 she went to school at Roe Head, where she later worked as a teacher. However, she fell ill, suffered from melancholia, and gave up this post. Charlotte's attempts to earn her living as a governess were hindered by her disabling shyness, her ignorance of normal children, and her yearning to be with her sisters.
The collection of poems, Poems By Currer, Ellis And Acton Bell (1846), which Charlotte wrote with her sisters, sold only two copies. By this time she had finished a novel; THE PROFESSOR, but it never found a publisher during her lifetime. Undeterred by this rejection, Charlotte began Jane Eyre, which appeared in 1847 and became an immediate success. Charlotte dedicated the book to William Makepeace Thackeray. The heroine is a penniless orphan who becomes a teacher, obtains a post as a governess, inherits money from an uncle, and marries the Byronic hero in the end.
Branwell and Emily died in 1848 and Anne died the following year. Although her identity was now well known, Charlotte continued to publish as Currer Bell. Jane Eyre was followed by Shirley (1848) and Vilette (1853). In Jane Eyre Charlotte used her experiences at the Evangelical school and as governess. The novel severely criticized the limited options open to educated but impoverished women. The title character from Shirley was an attempted ideal portrait of Emily. . Shirley was one of the first fully developed independent, brave, outspoken heroines in English literature.
In 1854 Charlotte Bronte married her father's curate, Arthur Bell Nicholls. She died during her pregnancy on March 31, 1855 in Haworth, Yorkshire. The Professor was posthumously published in 1857.本回答被提问者采纳