请帮我讲一下现在分词过去分词和不定式的使用区别
在帮我详解一下这几道题
1.—— very sorry for himself,Tony sat there with his head buried in his hands.
A.To feel B.Having felt C.Feeling D.Felt C
2.—— of the city life,John dreams of getting back to countryside.
A.Tiring B.Tired B
3.Neil Armstrong was the first man —— on the moon in July,1969.
A.landing B.landed C.to land D.lands C
4.My parents and I —— Beijing at this time tomorrow.
A.will visit B.visit C.am visiting D.will be visit D
5.Eating fruits and vegetables can help us get —— from heart disease.
A.protected B.to protect C.protecting D.to be protected A
6.—— to win a gole medal in the coming Olympics Games.Tony has been training hard every day in the last two years.
A.Determined B.To determine C.Be determined D.Be determining A
7.With so many people —— at her,the little girl felt nervous on the stage.
A.looking B.to lood C.looked D.having looked A
8.—— about the student,Mr.Liu called his parents to find out why he didn't go to school this afternoon.
A.Concerning B.To concern C.Concerned D.Having concerned C
9.—— his theory on many calculations,Nicolaus believed the sun was the center of the universe.
A.Based B.Basing C.To be based D.Being based B
10.All those —— about the people in the earthquake-hit area should be thanked.
A.concerned B.are concerned C.who concerned D.concerning A
现在分词、过去分词、不定式这三种同属于非谓语动词，意思是不能做谓语的动词。作谓语的动词都有完整的形式，比如自身变化的一般时态（一般现在时、一般现在时、一般将来时），以have+过去分词进行变化的完成时态（比如现在完成时：have done, 过去完成时：had done，将来完成时：will have done）和以be + 现在分词进行变化的进行时态（如现在进行时：be doing，过去进行时：was/were doing，将来进行时：will be doing）。更复杂的形式都是在这个基础上变化的。
从上面的例子可以看出，现在分词和过去分词是帮助构成谓语的一部分。所以可以这样简单的去记忆“分”词。很多时候可以这样通过分词在谓语动词中的构成来记忆和理解分词本身的意味，比如，过去分词用于构成完成时态，因此表示已完成，现在分词用于进行时态，因此表示正在发生进行中。：）
此外，非常重要的分词和不定式的作用是做句子的其他成分，比如做状语。一般情况下，现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示已经完成，不定式表示将要发生。但是具体说来还是有很多细节变化。建议仔细阅读相关语法书，那里总结的比我要细致多。我结合下面的例子简单分析一下，希望对你有帮助。
—— very sorry for himself,Tony sat there with his head buried in his hands.
A.To feel B.Having felt C.Feeling D.Felt C
本句意思是“感觉到难过。。。”，这个感觉可以理解成原因，“因为感觉难过。。。”，也可以理解成伴随“当时觉得难过。。。”。to feel表示去感觉，还没有发生。having felt表示感觉的动作发生完之后再有Sat动作。feeling可以解释为上面对句子的分析中的意思，即表示原因或者伴随。与felt的区别在于，feeling表示feel这个动作的主语是句子的主语Tony主动发出的，而felt表示动作是由Tony被动接受的。因此选C.
2.—— of the city life,John dreams of getting back to countryside.
A.Tiring B.Tired B
这里可以简单的理解为be tired of固定短语。如果一定从分词意味解释，可以理解为tired是因为外在事物而使主语“被”厌烦了，tiring则是主语主动发出动作使别人厌烦了。
3.Neil Armstrong was the first man —— on the moon in July,1969.
A.landing B.landed C.to land D.lands C
be the first to do sth.作为干什么的第一个或者第几个。可以理解为固定的结构。
4.My parents and I —— Beijing at this time tomorrow.
A.will visit B.visit C.am visiting D.will be visit D
这个答案D 应该是will be visiting. 考查将来进行时态的用法。主要看时间状语tomorrow表示将来时间，at this time表示在这个时间正在发生什么。因此结合一起成为将来（will）进行时 (be doing).
5.Eating fruits and vegetables can help us get —— from heart disease.
A.protected B.to protect C.protecting D.to be protected A
这个是被动形式。get相当于be，get protected被保护。
6.—— to win a gole medal in the coming Olympics Games.Tony has been training hard every day in the last two years.
A.Determined B.To determine C.Be determined D.Be determining A
这个也是可以理解为固定短语be determined to do sth.做状语的时候be省略了。
7.With so many people —— at her,the little girl felt nervous on the stage.
A.looking B.to lood C.looked D.having looked A
正在发生啊。
8.—— about the student,Mr.Liu called his parents to find out why he didn't go to school this afternoon.
A.Concerning B.To concern C.Concerned D.Having concerned C
be concerned about固定短语，“关心。。。”
9.—— his theory on many calculations,Nicolaus believed the sun was the center of the universe.
A.Based B.Basing C.To be based D.Being based B
这里要看base动作的主语，要很小心，因为这里实际上是Nicolas 这个人base 理论 on 许多计算上面。因此base是主动发生，用basing. 通常我们习惯说based on...，注意base后面是没有再说theory了。
10.All those —— about the people in the earthquake-hit area should be thanked.
A.concerned B.are concerned C.who concerned D.concerning A
be concerned about固定短语。这里没有be，因为是非谓语的位置。谓语在后面should be thanked.