英语长难句how的用法

如题所述

.发言人明确表示总统在任何情况下都不会取消这次旅行。
The spokesman made it clear that the president would not
主       谓语
Cancel (the trip) under any circumstances.
介状

2. 我们相信他所说的,因为他受过良好的教育,出身于受人尊敬的家庭,更重要的是他为人可靠。
We believe what he has said , because he is well-educated , comes
主 谓 主
from a respectable familly and what’s more , he is reliable.
3. 随后后发生的那些事件证明了我的猜疑是对的。
The subsequent events confirmed my suspicions once again.
谓
4. 在赛后举行的记者招待会上,这位足教练因该队表现不佳而向球迷们致歉。
At the press conference held after the game , the football coach apologized to the fans for his team’s poor performance.
5. 令我们吃惊的是,这位常被赞为十分正直的州长竟然是一个贪官。
To our surprise, the governor who had often been praised for his honesty tur ned out to be a corrupt official.
谓语
6. 有少数人得到了提升,在这同时却有数万个人被解雇。
A few workers were promoted , but meanwhile hundreds of workers were dismissed.
7. 如果有机会,约翰也许已成为一位杰出的画家。
Given the chance , John might have become an outstanding painter.
8. 起初我以为他是开玩笑,可后来我知道他是当真的。
At first I thought he was joking , but then I realized he was serious.
9. 医院的急诊室里常常听到痛苦的呻吟声。
Groans of pain can often be heard in a hospital emergency
谓语
room.
10. 美国前国务卿已重新回到公众生活中来,现任了驻外大使。
The former US. Secretary of states has returned to public life as
谓语
an ambassador to a foreign country.
介短做宾语补足语
11. 现支票时大多数银行要求提供身份证。
Proof of identity is required for cashing a check at most banks.
12. 位通俗歌星在舞台上的出现引起了全场观众热烈鼓掌。
The pop star’s presence on the stage broughe the audience to its/their feet in applause.
13.她惊异地发现许多人仍然不办保险就冒险旅行。
She was amazed to learn that many people still risk traveling without insurance.
14.请务必做到不让孩子们探身窗外。
Will you see to it that no children(should)lean out of the window?
15.他在战争中被俘,无论敌人如何残酷地折磨他,他从不屈服。
He was captured in the war , but never gave in no matter how cruelly the enemy tortured him.
16.亨利、贝德温伤势严重,但贝蒂在医生的帮助下终于使他转危为安。
Henry bedell was seriously wounded,but Bettie , with the help of
介短作状语
the doctor, finally brought him through.
17.许多美国大学生申请政府贷款交付学费。
Many American students apply for government loans to pay for their education\tution.
18.除阅读材料外,使用电影和录像会激发学生学习的兴趣。
Besides reading materials , the use of films and videotapes can stimulate student’ interest in a subject.
谓 宾
19.这位律师试图说服陪审团他的当事人是无辜的。
The lawyer tried to convince the jury of his dient’s innocence.
20.自从20世纪80年代初以来,医学方面的科学家们一直在努力寻找治疗艾滋病的方法。
Medical scientists have been working on/at finding a cure for AIDS since the early 1980s.
21.我已经把我的简历寄往几家公司,但尚未收到回复。
I have sent off my resume to several corporations, but haven’t yet received a reply.
22.不少人希望有机会去国外学习,然而仅有少数人有这机会。
Many people wish for an opportunity to study abroad, only a few, however, have this chance.
23.我们满怀期望她来参加会议,离开时却大失所望。
We came to the meeting full of expectations, yet we left very disappointed.
24.尽管这位教授详细地讲解了这一事实,但许多学生仍然不理解。
Althought the professor(had)explained this point in great detail, many students still failed to understand.
25.在即将毕业的大学生中,有人希望去自己的家乡工作,有人自愿去不发达地区工作。
Among those university students who will graduate soon , some prefer/wish to return to their hometown to work , others volunteer to work in the underdeveloped areas/regions.
26.如今学生热衷于学习电脑,因为他们很清楚在信息时代,这是必不可少的技能。
Nowdays,students are keen on learning to use the computer, because they are well aware that this is an indispensable skill in the information ago.
27.他在世界各地周游了三年,但不论走到哪儿,他都眷念着自己的祖国。
He had traveled around the world for three years, but whetever he went , his missed his country.
28.起初他每隔些时候给我写信,后来再也没有听到他的消息。
At first , he wrote to me once in a while, and then I did not hear from him any more.
29.一般地说,人们总是会结婚成家的,而不是单身过一辈子。
In general, people tend to get married and have a family rather than remain single for life.
30.不论他如何努力,他就是无法弄懂高等数学。
No matter how hard he tried, he just could not understand higher mathematics.
31.连续工作六个月后,雇员可以享受常薪的假期和病假。
After working for six months on end, employees are entitled to paid holidays and sick leaves.
32.我已无法继续按月支付汽车款项了,真不知道如何办才好。
I am unable to keep up my monthly payments on the car and I am at a computer loss as to what t do.
33.这次面试的目的主要是测试读者的英语口语水平。
The purpose of the interview is primarily to test the applicants proficiency in spoken English.
34.认为约翰会因为他的失礼而向他们道歉,那就错了。
It’s wrong to assume that John will formally apologize to them for being impolite.
35这件丑闻对正在力争赢得大选的工党来说,无疑是一件尴尬的事。
This scandal will undoubtedly be an embarrassment to the Labor Party which is try hard to win th election.
36.我正在认真地写学期论文的时候,我的小妹妹连蹦带跳地上了楼冲进我的房间。
I was hard at work on a term paper when my baby sister bounded up the stairs and burst into my room.
37.我问了她数次,可她拒绝回答我的问题。
I asked her several times, but she refused to respond to my question.
38.在西方,人们常常邮购商品,这可以节省许多时间。
In the West , people often send away for mail-order goods, which can save a lot of time.
39.老一辈人往往发现,在现代社会,不论他们如何努力,要阻挡青年人发生变化是困难的。
No matter how hard they try, the order generation often finds it difficult to hold back changes amony the young in a modern society.
40.既然你决心尽快完成硕士课程,那就别让你的社交生活妨碍你的学习。
Since you have set your mind to finishing your master’s program as soon as possible, don’t let your society life stand in the way of your studies.

大学英语语法--系动词与实意动词
在解答词汇和语法结构题时,可用以下几种方法:
  1. 看准就选的直接选择法
  "词汇与结构"考试的题型由题句和四个备选答案组成。在四个答案中,只有一个是正确的,其余三个都是干扰项。考生在答题时,首先应当运用直接选择法,也就是在做题时找出题句中与备选答案相关的词,利用语法规则--一般为固定搭配或习惯用法,直接选出答案。一旦看准,就不必再往下看,这样既能节省时间,又能提高正确率。
  例:1994年1月四级第45题:
  The police set a________ to catch the thieves.
  a. plan b. device c. trap d. trick
  本句意思为:“警察设了一个陷阱来抓小偷。”“设圈套”的一般表达“set a trap”,是一个习惯搭配。
  例:1994年1月四级第62题:
Medical research has shown that the widespread use of cigarettescontributes________the increase of cancers.
  a. towards   b. for   c. with   d. to
本句涉及固定词组 contribute to, 意为“有助于”“促成”,填入空格中,题句语义连贯。
  例:1999年6月四级第51题
  Tony is very disappointed________the results of theexam。
  A) for   B) toward   C) on   D) with
  本题考查词组的搭配,be disappointed with意思是“对……失望”,大部分考生对此词组都很熟悉。
  2. 逐个排除法
  在答题时,如果不能从四个备选答案中根据词组的固定搭配或习惯用法直接选出答案的话,就应该从题的句子结构和上下文意思两方面加以考虑,通过对语义、语法、逻辑的分析,或通过词汇、语法、辨析来逐个排除,确定三项都有错误,以便推论不知意思的项为正确答案。
  例:1999年月四级第50题
  Being a pop star can be quite a hard life,________with a lot of travelling heavy schedules.
  A) as to   B) in relation to   C) owing to   D) with regard to
  选项C) owing to 的意思是“由于”。符合题意“由于时间很紧……”。选项A) as to 意思是“至于,关于”。选项B) in relation to 意思是“关于,涉及,与……相比”。 而选项D)with regard to 意思是“关于”。 A)、B) 、D)三个选项在意思上都不符合题意。
  例:1995年6月四级第48题
  While people may refer to television forup-to-the-minute news, it is unlikely that television________the newspapercompletely.
  A) replaced   B) havereplaced   C) replace   D) willreplace
  本句的意思是“虽然人们可以从电视了解最新消息,但电视不大可能完全取代报纸”。句中unlikely表示说话人认为某事将来不大可能发生,或者认为不大可能成为事实,因此应当用陈述语气将来时。选项A) replaced 为一般过去时,从全句意思来看,显然不合适。应予以排除。选项B)havereplace 违反了主谓语一致的原则,应予以排除。选项C) replace与单数主语television在数上不一致,也违反了主谓语一致原则,应予以排除。因此,本题答案为D)will replace。
  再如:
  Alone in a deserted house,he was so busy with hisresearch work that he felt________lonely.
  A) nothing but   B) anything but   C) all but   D) everything but
  nothing but(除……只有),all but(几乎),everything but不是惯用短语,若填入,意思就成了“除了孤独外,什么都感到了”。这样,在逻辑上就不通了。因此A,C,D均与文意不符,故排除。只有anything but(除……以外任何事;根本不……)符合文意,所以答案是B。
  3. 按动词的适当形式选择
  在英语的各类词性中,动词是变化最多、应用最广的词类。考生除了熟练掌握谓语动词的时态、语态,以及非谓语动词在句中的不同作用之外,在答题时,首先要根据题句中的时间状语来判断谓语动词的时态;其次,按照语法规则(包括习惯搭配)选择出动词的适当形式,同时,还应考虑到题句中时态的前后呼应和题句本身的意义。
  例:1990年1月四级第57题
  The manager promised to keep me________of how outbusiness was going on.
  A) to be informed   B) oninforming   C) informed   D)informing
  全句意思是:“经理答应让我不断了解我们的业务进展情况”。“keep+名词+分词”表示“让……(保持)”。由于inform 是及物动词,me是它的动作对象,所以要用过去分词informed。答案是选项C) informed。keep on是一个短语动词,表示“继续做”,keep和on之间不能插入宾语,所以选项B) on informing不对。我们可以说keep on doing sth.,但不能说keep sb. on doing sth.。如果keep后面用现在分词,则keep的宾语是分词动作的主题,这与本题不符,所以D) 选项也不正确。
  4. 概率确定法
考生做选择题时,在备选答案中遇到生词是难免的,这时候,不能一见到生词就不知所措,而是应该认真推敲认识的词,同时利用概率论的知识,比较准确地选择答案。如果能够认识四个备选答案中的一个、两个、或三个,可以做出以上的考虑;如果四个都不认识,这是虽用不上任何接题技巧,但也要利用构词知识根据上下文猜一个答案,这样至少会有25%答对的可能性。总之,一定要答题,不能空着。此外,需要强调的是,考生在答题时,对判断不准的答案,不能太犹豫不决,而应该当机立断做出选择。
以上几种答题方法,只是基本的常用方法。在答题时要全面考虑问题,不要顾此失彼

4. 形近动词辨析
  例:1997年6月四级第38题
  The old couple decided to ____________ a boy and agirl though they had three of their own.
  A) adapt   B) bring   C) receive   D) adopt
  本句的意思是:“这对老夫妇自己已经有了3个孩子,但还是决定……一个男孩和一个女孩。”空格中显然应填入一个表示“收养”意思的词。所以答案是D) adopt。选项A) Adapt和adopt形状相似,但意思截然不同。前者表示“(使)适应”,后者表示“收养”。其它两个选项也都没有“收养”的意思,都不可能是正确答案。
  例:1997年6月四级第36题
  I hate people who _________ the end of a film thatyou haven't seen before.
  A) reveal B) rewrite C) revise D) reverse
  在4个选项中,reveal的意思是makepeople aware of something(让人知道某事),常译为“泄露、揭露”,在本题中可译为“讲出来”,填入句中全句的意思完
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