第1个回答 2010-01-29
一、宾语从句的定义：
宾语从句顾名思义就是作（及物动词、介词或某些形容词）宾语的部分是由句子来充当。因此把这样的句子（含有从句）叫做复句。引导宾语从句的引导词分为三类即:
表示陈述语气用that , 表示一般疑问语气,含有“是否,能否”的意思whether 和if引导．表示特殊疑问语气由特殊疑问词导．宾语从句可做动词宾语,介词宾语,及某些形容词的宾语. 例如：
1、He wrote me a letter, saying that he would pay a visit to China next week. (动宾)
2、I wonder if you could spare me a few minutes? （动宾）
3、The teacher is quite satisfied with what you have done.（介宾）
4、Mother was very pleased that her daughter had passed the exams. (形宾)
二、过好“三关”学习宾语从句：
（一）过引导词关
1、连词that(在口语中that常可省略)，if, whether,如：
He knows that Jim will work hard.
连接代词who, whom, which等，如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?
连接副词when, where, how, why等，如：
Could you tell me how we can get to the station?
2、由that引导的宾语从句，如：
I don’t know (that )Tom was late again
I am afraid (that) it would rain soon
注意1:引导宾语从句的that 常可以省略,但下列情况下不能省略。
（1）、and连接两个或两个以上的宾语从句，除第一个从句中的that以外,后面从句中的that不能省略。
如：Everybody could see what happened and that Tom was frightened.
（2）、that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。如：
I know nothing about him except that he is from the south.
（3）、主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。
如：We decided, considering his age, that we would not let him do the job.
注意2:若有补语，则宾语从句要放到补语之后，在宾补前用形式宾语it.
如：He doesn’t want it to be known that he is going away.
I consider it necessary that he should do it again.
注意3: 否定转移. 在think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词后的宾语从句，从句中的否定往往在主句中体现。如：
I don’t think you are right.
I don’t believe that they have finished their work.
I don’t think he cares, does he?
3、由whether 或if 引导的宾语从句：
whether和if都有“是否”的意思。如：
I don’t know whether / if he will agree with me.
He asked me whether / if I have finished my homework.
注意1：在动词不定式之前只能用whether
如： I can’t decide whether to stay.
注意2：在whether …… or not 的固定搭配中
如：I want to know whether it’s good news or not .
注意3：在介词后，只能用whether
如：His father is worried about whether he lose his work .
注意4：条件状语从句不能用whether引导,如：
Please inform him of the news if he comes back before 10 o’clock.
4、由特殊疑问词(wh…)引导(要注意用陈述语气)
如：He asked me,“Where is Mr. Wang?”
---He asked me where Mr. Wang was.
（二）、过语序关
做宾语从句的句子不管原来是什么语序，在充当宾语从句时都要用陈述语序，即：“引导词+主语+谓语+宾语+其他”。
如：1、Tom said. He is reading a book.
→ Tom said that he was reading a book.
2、He asks me. Are they playing a game?
→ He asks me if/whether they are playing a game.
3、Where is the hospital? He told me.
→ He told me Where the Hospital was.
注意:当who在从句中做主语时,语序本身就是“主语+谓语”顺序,所以就不再变了.
如：I want to know. Who will come tomorrow?
→I want to know whowill come tomorrow.
(三)、过时态关
宾语从句的时态要受到主句时态的限制，即要和主句的时态保持一致（也有特殊情况），宾语从句的时态往往被忽视，希望能引起我们的注意。从下面三个方面去把握宾语从句的时态。
1、当主句的时态是一般现在时、一般将来时、祈使句时，从句的时态可根据句意的需要用任意一种时态。
2、当主句的时态为一般过去时宾语从句的时态要与原句相对应的过去的时态（带“过去”两个字）。
3、当宾语从句叙述的是客观事实、真理、自然现象、名言警句、谚语等，不管主句是什么时态，从句一律用一般现在时。
三、宾语从句的特殊语序问题
在“Do you think /believe/suppose----?等”结构中，宾语从句如果是由疑问词引导的，则要用“疑问词+ do you think/believe/suppose +正常语序？”
如：What has happened to him? Do you think? What do you think has happened to him?
四、否定转移问题
在think, believe等动词后面的宾语从句，如果从句的谓语动词表示否定意义，一般要将否定词not移到主句的谓语动词上面去，即通过否定主句的谓语动词来否定从句的（意义）谓语动词。此时变反意疑问句时仍将宾语从句视为否定，反意疑问部分用肯定形式。如：
1、I don’t think he will come.
2、I don’t think he will come, will he?
3、I think he will come, won’t he?
五、宾语从句的简化
1、当主句的谓语动词是hope, decide, wish, agree等，其后接宾语从句，并且从句主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化成动词不定式结构。
如：Wei Hua hopes that she will be back soon. Wei Hua hopes to be back soon.
2、当know, learn, remember, forget等动词其后接宾语从句，并且从句主语与主句主语一致时，可以简化成“疑问词+不定式”结构。
如：I don’t know what I should say. I don’t know what to say.
3、当tell, learn, show, teach等动词其后接宾语从句，并且从句主语与主句的间接宾语一致时，可以简化成“疑问词+不定式”结构。
如：Could you tell me how I can get there? (句子中的 me 和I指的是同一个人)可以改写为：Could you tell me how to get there?
4、动词后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式来简化，但主语要发生变化。
如：It seemed that the boys were going to play games.
The boys seemed to play games.
复习小结：
1、变宾语从句的四个要素：引导词、语序、时态和标点符号
2、牢记宾语从句中的陈述句语序。
3、注意主句与从句时态的一致性(即：当主句是过去式时，从句要用过去范畴的某种时态，客观真理或自然现象除外)。
宾语从句专项练习
一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。
1．These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.
He said _______ these flowers _______ from Guangdong.
2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.
My teacher told me _____ light _______ faster than sound.
3．There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didn’t know.
Jack didn’t know _____ there _____ ____ a meeting in five days.
4．Can they speak French? I want to know.
I want to know ______ _______ _______ _______ French.
5．Are the children playing games? Tell me.
Tell me ______ the children ______ ______ games.
6．Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.
Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ homework yet.
7．How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?
Who knows ______ _____ _____ ____ _____ ______ in the picture?
8．Where did she park her car? Do you know?
Do you know _____ _____ ____ her car?
9．What does he often talk about? The girl wondered.
The girl wondered _____ _____ often ________ about.
10．Who knocked at the door so loudly? I don’t know.
I don’ t know ____ _______ at the door so loudly.
11. Does he still live in that street? I don't know.
I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.
12. What's his name? I asked him.
I asked him what _____ _____ _____.
13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me.
Please tell me ________ _________ ________ _________.
14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys.
He asked the boys _______ they ______ fried chicken.
15. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I don't know.
I don't know _______ the watch _______ made in Shanghai.
二、选择填空。
( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.
A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was it
C. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring
( ) 2. Tom asked my friend ________________.
A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moon
C. when did he come back D. not to be so angry
( ) 3. Let me tell you __________________.
A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost
C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car
( ) 4. Peter knew _______________.
A. whether he has finished reading the book
B. why the boy had so many questions
C. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris
( )5. Could you tell me ___________?
A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for
C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in
( )6. I can't understand ______the boy alone.
A. why she left B. why did she leave
C. why she had left D. why had she left
( )7. She told me the sun ______ in the east.
A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen
( )8.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.
A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got
( )9. The manager came up to see __________.
A. what was the matter B. what the matter was
C. what the matter is D. what's the matter
( )10. He asked his father _______.
A. where it happens B. where did it happen
C. how it happened D. how did it happen
( )11. No one tells us______, so we need your help.
A. how we should do B. what should we do
C. how to do it D. what to do it
( )12. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.
A. how check B. to check C. how to check D. to how checking
( )13.They don't know _______their parents are.
A that B what C why D which
( )14. —Where do you think ______ he _____ the TV set?
— Sorry, I've no idea.
A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought
( ) 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _____ it would be like in _____ five years.
A. how, another B. what, more C. how ,other D. what, another
( )16. — Could you tell me ______? — Yes. He ____ to the USA.
A. where is he/ has been B. where he is/ has gone
C. where was he/ has been D. where he was/ has gone
( )17. —Mike wants to know if ____ a picnic tomorrow.
—Yes. But if it _______, we'll visit the museum instead.
A. you have/ will rain B. you will have/ will rain
C. you will have/ rains D. will you have/ rains
( )18. I really don't know if she _______ it when she ________.
A. finds/ arrives B. finds/ will arrive
C. will find/ will arrive D. will find/ arrives
( )19.Miss Liu said ______ she would leave the message on the headmaster”s desk.
A. that B. where C. which D. what
( )20. He asked me _______.
A. who will kick the first goal in the World Cup
B. when was the APEC meeting held
C. when China became a member of the WTO
D. where the 2008 Olympics will be held
( )21. In the bookshop , a reader asked the shopkeeper ______ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.
A. that B. how C. what D. if
( )22. You must remember _______.
A. what your teacher said B. what did your teacher say
C. your teacher said what D. what has your teacher said
( )23. I don”t know ______ .
A. which room I can live B. which room can I live
C. which room I can live in D. which room can I live in
( )24.－－Do you know when he ______ back ?
－－Sorry , I don”t . When he _______back , I”ll tell you .
A. comes ; comes B. comes ; will come
C. will come ; comes D. will come ; will come
( )25 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
( )26 Mary said that she ___ to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone B. had never gone
C. has never been D. had never been
( )27 The students want to know whether they___ a PE class today.
A. had B. has C. will have D. are
( )28. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?
A. who B. what C. when D. that
( )29.I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
A. what B. if C. when D. where
( )30. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?
A. what B when C why D how
三、用合适的连接词填空。
1. Jim told me ____ he didn't go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）
2. Do you know ______ else is going to be on duty today？（who, whom）
3. She said _____ it wouldn't matter much.（that, if）
4. He always thinks ______ he can do better.（how, who）
5. I really don't know ________ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）
6. They don't know _______ to go or wait. (if, whether)
7. We are talking about ______ we’ll go back tomorrow. (whether, if)
8. I was really surprised at ______ I saw. (where, what)
9. I don't know ____ so many people are looking at him. (how, why)
10. Do you know ______ you are studying for? (why, what)
四、句型转换。
1. “Do you want to try it?” Tom's mother asked him.(同义句)→
Tom's mother asked him _______ _______ ______ to try it.
2. I think this is a good idea.（改为否定句） →
I _______ ________ this ________ a good idea.
3. Lucy hasn't decided which trousers to buy.（改为复合句） →
Lucy hasn't decided ________ _________ ________ _______ buy.
4. I don't know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句） →
I don't know ________ ________ ________ to the hospital.
5. I don’t suppose they will come, _______ ______ ? (改为反意疑问句)
五、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
1. We are sure that he ________ (go) to school tomorrow.
2. Do you know who ______ (be) the first man to walk on the moon?
3. Could you tell me where the post office ______ (is)?
4. Our father said that he _______ (will) buy a new computer.
5. I hear that he _______ (swim) in the sea yesterday.
6. The little boy tells us where his father _______ (work).
7. He said that he _________ (finish) his work already.
8. They thought they could _______ (hike) to the top of the mountain.
9. He was glad that so many people _____ (help) him.
10. She doesn’t know whether ________ (go) or wait.
宾语从句参考答案：
一、1.that, were 2.that, travels 3.that, would be 4.if/whether they can speak 5.if/whether, are playing 6.if/whether he had finished his 7. how many people you can see 8.where she parked 9.what he, talked 10.who knocked 11.if/whether, lives 12.his name was 14.if/whether, wanted 15.if/whether, was
二、1—5: DDDBB 6—10:ACDBC 11—15:CCBAD 16—20:BCDAC 21—25:DACCA 26—30:DCCBA
三、1.why 2.who 3.that 4.how 5.how soon 6.whether 7.whether 8.what 9.why 10.what
四、1.if/whether he wanted 2.don’t think, is 3.which trousers she can 4.how to get 5.will they
五、1.will go 2.was 3. is 4.would 5.swam 6.works
7.had finished 8.hike 9.helped 10.to go
楼主加油 祝你成功哦O(∩_∩)O
第2个回答 2010-02-12
一．单项选择
1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
A. took B. take C. takes D. will take
2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone B. had never gone C. has never been D. had never been
3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.
A. had B. has . C. will have D. are
4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.
A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may
5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled
6. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?
A. who B. what C. when D. that
7 I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
A. what B. if C. when D. where
8 I hardly understand.___ he has told me.
A. that B. what C. which D. who
9. She didn't know___ back soon.
A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be D. if he will come
10.I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.
A. whether B where C. what D.when
11. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?
A. what B when C why D how
12.He asked me _____told me the accident.
A whom B which C who D whose
13.They don't know _______ their parents are.
A that B what C why D which
14.Please tell me ______what last year.
A.w here does your sister work B. where did your sister work
C where your sister works D. where your sister worked
15.She asked me if I knew ______
A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it was C. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it
16. You must remember ________.
A. what your mother said B. what did your mother say
C. your mother said what D. what has your mother said
17. Did you know ____?
A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking for
C. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after
18. Could you tell me ___?
A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing
C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing
19. Could you tell me________?
A .where do you live B. who you are waiting for
C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in
20.I want to know how long
A.has he been back B．has he come back
C.he has been back D．he has come back
21.Do you know ?
A．what the news are B．what is the news
C．what the news is D．what are the news
22.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.
A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got
23..He said _________ there was going to be a meeting that evening.
A.what B. if C.that D. how
二.句型转换。
1).How does he get on with his new classmates? Could you tell me? (改为含有宾语从句的复合句)
Could you tell me how ______ _____ on with his new classmates?
2).What is he doing there? Mother didn't know. (改为含有宾语从句的复合句
Mother didn't know what _______ ______doing there.
3).You'd better ask your mother whether is it cheap enough before you try it on.(改错)
4)What's his name? I asked him.（改为含有宾语从句的复合句）
I asked him what _______ _______ _______.
5)Why didn't he look happy? Could you tell me?(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)
Could you tell me why _______ ______ look happy?
6)Does he still live in that street? I don't know(改为含有宾语从句的复合句)
I don't know ______ he still _______ in that street.
7)Whose children is the old woman looking after?Did you find out? （改为含有宾语从句的复合句）
Did you find out whose children the old woman ______ _______ after?
8)The moon moves round the earth. My sister told me.（同上）
My sister told me ______ the moon_______ round the earth.
9) I think it is not going to snow tomorrow.（改错）
10). "Do you want to try something new。" Tom's mother asked him.(同义句转换)
Tom's mother asked him________ ________ ________to try something new.
中考题：
1．In the bookshop，a reader asked the shop keeper _____Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book．（北京市东城区）
A．that B．how C．what D．if
2．—I don't know _____ Mr．Green will come to see us．
—He will help us with our English．（杭州市）
A．why B．when C．how D．where
3．—We never know _____ the old m an is． —They say he is a teacher. A．what B．who C．which D．where
4．I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers． A．that how B．how that C．when that D．that when
5．—Do you know _____ ？I'm going to see him． —Sorry，I don't know．（北京市海淀区） A．where does Mr．Li live B．where did Mr．Li live
C．where Mr．Li lives D．where Mr．Li lived
6．—W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer？
—Sorry，I have no idea．（南京市）
A．／；bought B．has；bought C．did；buy D．does；buy
7．I don't feel very well．Mum asked me _____this morning．（重庆市）
A. what the matter is B．what is wrong
C．what the matter was D．what wrong was
8．—Where is Jack？
—He is away to spend his holiday．He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan，but I'm not sure _____ ．（南昌市）
A．that B．which C．where D．there
Key: 宾语从句与中考试题 1—4 D A A D 5—8 C A C C
宾语从句专练
类型一：引导词的运用
(1) I don’t know ___________or not.
A. whether he is at home B. if he is at home
C. that he is at home D. whether is he at home
(2) This depends on _________ the weather is fine.
A. which B. whether C. if D. that
(3) The teacher asked the new student ________ class he was in.
A. which B. where C. if D. that
(4) I don’t know ________ Mr. Green will come to see us. He’ll help us with our English.
A. why B. when C. how D. where
(5) --- Be careful! Don’t break the bottles. Do you hear ______ I said? David?
--- Yes, Mum
A. what B. that C. why D. if
(6) --- Do you know _______ Mr Black’s address is?
--- He may live at NO.18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. I’m not sure of ______.
A. where, which B. where, what C. what, which D. what, where
(7) There is not much difference between the two. I really don’t know _____.
A. what should I choose B. which I should choose
C. which should I choose D. what I should choose
类型二：宾语从句的语序——陈述句语序
(1) Did you find out ______?
A. she was looking for whose child B. whose child was she looking for
C. whose child she is looking for D. whose child she was looking for
(2) Are you interested in _____?
A. how did he do it B. he did it how C. how he did it D. he how did it
(3) I don’t know _____. Can you tell me?
A. how the two players are old B. how old are the two players
C. the two players are how old D. how old the two players are
(4) --- What did the scientist say?
--- He said he wondered if _____ into space by spaceship one day.
A. he had to fly B. he could fly C. can he fly D. could he fly
(5) Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me ____?
A. Where the bank nearest B. where is the nearest bank
C. where the nearest bank is D. the nearest bank is where
（6）She asked Tom ________ with his car?
A. what the matter was B. what the matter is
C. what was the matter D. what is the matter
类型三：时态
(1) It’s 7:30. I can’t believe you___ cooking dinner yet, Sally.
A. haven’t started B. didn’t C. don’t start D. hadn’t started
(2) The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 ____ Christmas Day.
A. is B. was C. has been D. will be
(3) The teacher said that the earth _______round the sun.
A. goes B. go C. went D. will go
(4) We ’d like to tell you that you ______the exam.
A. have passed B. had passed C. pass D. will pass
(5) “Could you tell me______?” “ Yes. They ____ to the library.”
A. where are the twins, have been B. where were the twins, have been
C. where the twins are, have gone D, where the twins were, have gone
(6) Our father said that he ______ a new computer next week.
A. will buy B. have bought C. would buy D. buys
(7) I hear that he ______ to Beijing yesterday.
A. goes B. will go C. went D. have gone
类型四：其他---反意疑问句，it做形式宾语
(1)．I don’t think he is right,__________?
A．isn’t he B．is he C．do I D．don’t I
(2). He believes she is right, __________?
A．doesn’t he B．does he C．is she D．isn’t she
(3).I thought that he disliked playing football,__________?
A．didn’t he B．did he C．did I D．didn’t I
(4). I find _____ important that we practice English every day.
A. it B. this C. that D. what
(5). You can’t imagine ____when they received the nice gift.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
高考题
1．—What did you parents think about your decision?
—They always let me do ________ I think I should. （06 全国Ⅱ）
A. when B. that C. how D. what
2. Please remind me _________ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off.
A. where B. when C. how D. what （06 全国Ⅰ）
3. Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game. （05全国卷）
A．why B．what C．who D．that
4．Someone is ringing the doorbell Go and see________.（2000 上海）
A .who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
5. ——We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.
——What do you consider _______to her?（NMET 1990）
A. was happening B. to happen C .has happened D. happening
答案
类型一：ABABACB
类型二DCDBCC
类型三AAAACCC
类型四BAAAB
高考题DBADC