蚯蚓可以通过大量的化学感受器来感测化学品，并回避污染物。如在本研究中，我们还观察到，被置入玻璃容器中的蚯蚓，都停留在被污染土壤的顶层，而不是钻进土坏，随后几天，蚯蚓就死亡。这可以解释为回避行为，除了对蚯蚓的急性和繁殖测试之外，亦支持行为测试。对于毒死蜱，浓度对回避反应的影响远远超过了生长和繁殖力（表3），很可能是蚯蚓未能从被农药污染的土壤中逃脱至在该区域底层的清洁土壤，因此持续暴露在高温浓度的农药下。然而，大多数以生态毒理学为基础的风险评估方法，往往于敏感性不同范围（致死、亚致死）内进行，使用的端点，如死亡率、生物量变化、繁殖率，而忽视行为反应。因此，使用仅取自急性和慢性毒性试验的毒性数据，以评估生态毒性风险可能会低估在土壤的污染物对无脊椎种群的影响。
~~~~~~~~~纯人手翻译，欢迎采纳~~~~~~~~~
原文如下：
Earthworms can sense chemicals via a large number of chemoreceptors, and avoid the contaminations. As in the present study, we also observed earthworms that were introduced into glass containers staying on the top layer of the contaminated soil instead of moving into it, followed by worms dying a few days later. This can be interpreted as avoidance behavior, which supports the justification of behavioral tests in addition to acute and reproduction testing in earthworms. For chlorpyrifos, concentration affecting avoidance response was far more than that for growth and fecundity (Table 3), it seems likely that earthworm were not able to escape from pesticide-contaminated soil into the underlying clean soil in field and hence were exposed continuously to elevated concentrations of pesticides. However, most ecotoxicologically based risk assessment methods often operate at different ranges of sensitivity (lethal, sublethal) using endpoints such as mortality, change of biomass, reproduction rates, by neglecting behavioral response. Consequently, the use of toxicity data obtained exclusively from acute and chronic toxicity tests to evaluate ecotoxicological risk may underestimate the effects of pollutants on soil invertebrate populations.来自：求助得到的回答
~~~~~~~~~纯人手翻译，欢迎采纳~~~~~~~~~
原文如下：
Earthworms can sense chemicals via a large number of chemoreceptors, and avoid the contaminations. As in the present study, we also observed earthworms that were introduced into glass containers staying on the top layer of the contaminated soil instead of moving into it, followed by worms dying a few days later. This can be interpreted as avoidance behavior, which supports the justification of behavioral tests in addition to acute and reproduction testing in earthworms. For chlorpyrifos, concentration affecting avoidance response was far more than that for growth and fecundity (Table 3), it seems likely that earthworm were not able to escape from pesticide-contaminated soil into the underlying clean soil in field and hence were exposed continuously to elevated concentrations of pesticides. However, most ecotoxicologically based risk assessment methods often operate at different ranges of sensitivity (lethal, sublethal) using endpoints such as mortality, change of biomass, reproduction rates, by neglecting behavioral response. Consequently, the use of toxicity data obtained exclusively from acute and chronic toxicity tests to evaluate ecotoxicological risk may underestimate the effects of pollutants on soil invertebrate populations.来自：求助得到的回答
温馨提示：答案为网友推荐，仅供参考
第1个回答 2014-12-01
蚯蚓可以通过大量的感官受体来感知化学物质，避免污染。在当下的研究中我们发现，如果蚯蚓呗放在一个玻璃容器内，它会待在呗污染的土壤的上层而不是进入土壤内部，但有些虫子几天后会随之死亡。这可以被看作一种避免式行为，这种行为支持行为测试的判定，蚯蚓中精确繁衍的测试除外。追问
翻译完了？？？
追答对毒死蜱来说，浓度对回避行为的影响要远大于其对生长和繁殖力的影响，就像蚯蚓不能从杀虫剂含量高的土壤逃脱进入干净的土地，因此它们会导致杀虫剂浓度的提高。然而，大多数基于生态毒理的风险评估方法会在不同范围的感触性方面进行操作（致命 亚致命），使用终端点操作，像死亡率，生物量，繁殖率，忽视行为反应。结果导致，使用从精确而慢性的毒性测试中获得的大量毒性数据来评估生态毒理的风险会低估无脊椎生物对土壤污染的影响。
相似回答