非谓语动词作状语
一、读下列例句，体会句子表达的意义
1. 动词不定式作状语
动词不定式通常作状语表示原因.结果.目的.条件等。
To learn English well, he went to England.
In order to achieve the aim, we must learn from other countries.
常可与in order to (为了)或 so as to (以便)连用。
总结：1）目的状语
He ran to the station only to find the train had left.
His father died, leaving him a lot of debts.
总结：2）结果状语
动词不定式和ving形式作结果状语区别：
1) 动词不定式作结果状语通常表示意想不到的结果，常与only连用构成only to do sth
2) 动词ing形式作结果状语通常表示自然而然的情况或结果。
We are excited to hear the news.
总结：3)原因状语
To turn to the left, you could find a post office.
总结：4) 条件状语
2. 动词ing形式作状语
可表示原因.结果.条件.让步.方式伴随等，可转化为相应的状语从句
Walking out of the room, he saw the boy still there.
= when he walked out of the room, he...
总结：1) 表时间
Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday.
= Because he was ill, he...
总结：2) 表原因
His father died, leaving him a lot of money.
= his father died and left him ...
总结：3) 表结果(并列谓语)
Working hard at your lessons, you will succeed.
=if you work hard at your lessons, you...
总结：4) 表条件
Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.
= Athough they knew all this, they...
总结：5) 表让步
He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.
= He lay on the grass and stared at the ...
总结：6) 方式.伴随或补充说明(并列结构）
希望能够帮到你，其实你最好自己买一本语法书的，学英语的人都有自己的一本语法书的
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