▼现在完成时与现在完成进行时相同点
1. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时都可以表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到现在的动作.如:
I have worked in this school since 2001. I havebeen working here since 2001.
2. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时都可以表示一段时间内进行的动作.例如: Mr. Smith has taught English for 20 years.
Mr. Smith has been teaching English for 20 years.
以上句子用现在完成时与现在完成进行时,含义上没有什么差别,两种时态可以互相换.但两种时态也存在有意义上和用法上的差别.
现在完成时与现在完成进行时不同点
1. 从定义上来看,现在完成时表示的是已经完成的动作或者状态,常常与already"已经"或ever "曾经"连用,如:
We have already learnt Module 3.我们已经学习了第三模块.
She is the most beautiful girl I have ever seen.她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩.
而现在完成进行时则表示的是从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到现在,有可能还要进行下去的动作,一般不与already或ever等连用,如:
We have been learning Module 4. 我们一直在学习第四模块.(不一定学完)
注意下面这组句子含义上的区别: I have read the novel. 我看过那本书了. (已看完) I have been reading the novel. (一直在看,不一定看完)
2. 相对于现在完成时表示一次性,现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复.如: I have met him at the library. (我在图书馆见过他.)
I have been meeting him at the library. (我经常在图书馆看见他.)
3. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时都可以表示刚刚结束的动作,但在含义上有区别.现在完成时强调的是动作的结果,而现在完成进行时强调的则是动作的过程.如:
—You look so tired, what have you been doing 你看起来很累,做什么了 (强调动作)
—We are very tired. We've been cleaning the house. 我们很累,我们刚才在打扫房子.(强调该动作所导致)
—We've cleaned the house. You may come in now. 我们打扫过房子了,你可以进来了.(强调结果"房子干净")
4. 现在完成进行时态不能用来谈某个动作的具体次数或几件事情.这时,我们要用现在完成时态.如:
I have been drinking five cups of coffee this afternoon.(×)
I have drunk five cups of coffee this afternoon.
5. 现在完成时强调"事实";而现在完成进行时则强调"动作",并且常含有喜悦,愤怒,不满,厌恶等感情色彩.如The lazy boy has been lying in bed for a whole day. 这个懒孩子在床上躺了一天了.(强调动作,含有对小男孩厌恶的感情色彩)
6. 如果没有时间状语,现在完成进行时有延续性,现在完成时没有.如:
I've been cleaning the house but I still haven't finished.
I've cleaned the house, but I still haven't finished.(×)
: The lazy boy has lain in bed for a whole day. 这个懒孩子在床上躺了一天.(强调事实)
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