1、ought to +动词原形
(1)表示义务、责任或劝告,可译为“应该”。
例:You ought to(=should)obey your parents.你应该听你父母的话。
We ought to(=should)love others as ourselves.我们应该爱人如己。
(2)表示“推测”,指根据道理或事实所推理出来的结论,可译为“照道理讲应该”。
例:He ought to(=should)be able to speak English after studying it so long.他在学习这么久之后,照道理讲应该会说英语。
If he started at nine,he ought to(=should)be here by four.既然他是九点钟动身的,最迟到四点钟就应该到达这里。
2、ought to +不定式的进行时,肯定句中表示主语没有做他该做的事;否定句中表示主语正在做他不该做的事。
例:He ought to be studying for his exam.He shouldn't be spending all his time on the beach.他应该正在为他的考试作准备。他不应该把时间都消磨在海滩上。
I ought not to(=shouldn't)telling you this.It's supposed to bea secret.我不应该告诉你。这应该是个秘密。
3、ought to +不定式的完成时,肯定句中表示主语过去该做而未做的事,否定句中表示主语过去做了不该做的事情。
例:You ought to(=should)have been more careful(but you were not careful enough).你应该更小心的。
You oughtn't to(=shouldn't)have crossed the road when the lights were red.红灯亮的时候,你就不应该穿越马路。
否定形式为:ought not to
should的用法:
1. 用于第一人称疑问句,表征询意见。如:
Should I open the window?
我可以开窗户吗?
2. should表义务,可用于各种句式,通常指将来。如:
You should do what your parents tell you.
你应该照你父母的话去做事。
He should do somework, but he doesn’t want to.
他应该做些工作,但是他不想做。
也可指现在。如:You shouldn’t feel so unhappy over such trifles.
对这种小事,你不应该感到这么不高兴。
You shouldn’t be sitting in the sun.
你不应该坐在阳光下。
3. should表推测,暗含很大的可能。如:
It’s 4:30. They should be in New York by now.
现在是四点半,他们应该到达纽约了。
Three weeks should suffice.
三个星期应该足够了。
I suggest that you should stay here as if nothing had happened.
我建议你应该待在这儿,好像什么事也没有发生。
5. should表感情色彩,常用在以why, how开头的疑问句中。如:
Why shouldn’t you invite him?
为什么你不邀请他?
I don’t see why we shouldn’t make friends.
否定形式为shouldn’t。
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