第2个回答 2008-05-31
进口商品分法定检验商品和非法定检验商品，法定检验进口商品是列入《种类表》及其他法律、法规规定必须经过商检机构或者国家商检局、商检机构指定的检验机构检验的进口商品。除此以外的进口商品为非法定检验商品。
这两类商品在办理报验手续上有所不同，前看到货后，收货人或其代理人必须向口岸或到达站商检机构办理进口商品登记手续，然后按商检机构规定的地点和期限向到货地商俭机构办理进口商品报验。
非法定检验进口商品到货后，由收、用货部门直接办理进口通关手续。提货后，可按合同的约定自行检验，若发现问题需凭商检证书索赔的，应向所在地商检机构办理进口商品报验。
（一）法定检验进口商品登记
1．填写《种类表》内进口商品登记申请表，按下列要求逐项填写；NO．：商检受理报验编号，由受理报验人员填写。
申请登记单位：填写申请登记单位全称并盖章。
登记日期：填写申请登记当天日期。
商品编号：填写H.S编码8上数字。
数（重）量：按实际到货数（重）量填写，并加附计量单位。
进口日期：按“进口货物到货通知单”所列进口日期填写。
合同号：买卖双方签订的外贸合同的号码。
合同金额：合同中所列商品总价值，并加附货物名称。
贸易国别（或地区）：进口商品的出口国家（或地区）贸易方式：指“一般贸易”、“三来一补”、“边境贸易“或“其他”填写其中方式之一。
收用货单位：填写收用货单位全称。
2．应提供的单据：一般应提供进口货物到货通知单、进口货物报关单、合同、发票、提单／运单等。
3．商检机构经审核、登记后，在报关单上加盖“已接受登记”印章。海关凭盖有商检机构“已接受登记”印章的报关单验放货物。经验放的货物收用货部门应按有关规定及时向商检机构办理进口商品报验。
（二）进口商品的报验
1．填写进口商品检验申请单按下列要求填写申请单上的相应栏目，未作说明的按实际情况填写或打对号。
报验号：商检机构受理报验的编号，由受理报验人员填写。
报验单位盖章：填写报验单位全称，并加盖公章或报验专用章。
报验日期：填写报验当天的日期。
发货人：合同中的卖方。
受货人：合同中的买方。
品名规格：按合同、发票所列品名规格填写，如品名太多时，只填写主要品名即可。
合同号：买卖双方签订的合同编号。
发票号：所附国外发票编号。
H.S编码：填写《商品分类及编码协调制度》中所列该商品的8位编码。
报验数量：填写申请检验的数量，并注明计量单位名称。
报验重量：填写申请检验的重量，并注明净重／毛重及商品计重单位名称。
商品总价值：按合同或国外发票列明的货值填写，并注明货币名称。
运输：填写运输工具及运输方式（海运、空运、陆运等）。如该批货物是海运、经转运港运载的，应将船名、装运港、转运港、卸货港及目的港均填写清楚。
进口日期：填写进口货物到货通知单所列进口日期。
卸货日期：指完成卸货的日期。
到厂日期：货物运至使用单位的日期。
索赔有效期：按合同规定的索赔期填写。
（索赔有效期有计算方法：是从合同规定的起始日即进口日期或卸毕日期（不含当天）起开始计算，到规定期限的最后一天止。如果截止日为国家法定假日时，则应顺延。例如，索赔期为3个月，进口日期为8月3日，索赔有效期就到11月3日止；如果索赔有效期为90天，索赔有效期就到11月1日止，因在此期间，有的月份为31天，计算时应注意。
质保期：即质量保证期，按合同规定日期填写。
包装情况：填写运输包装种类及包装情况是否完好。如有异状，应按实际情况填写。
标记及号码：按实际到货运输包装上所列标记（唛头）填写，如无标记则应填写“N/M”。
申请说明：申请人如有特殊要求应在此栏中加以说明。
2.进口报验应提供的单据及资料
报验项目不同，应提供的单据及资料也各异，具体情况介绍如下：（1）品质、规格报验应提供下列单据：a.贸易双方签订的合同b.国外发票c.提单或空运单等d.装箱单e.进口货物到货通知单f.国外品质证明g.使用说明书及有关标准与技术资料（2）残损鉴定报验，除提供（1）中的a、b、c、d、e外，如海运货物还应加附理货公司出具的理货残损单、海事报告、大副签证或保函；如铁路运输的货物应加附铁路部门出具的商务记录；如航空运输货物应加附空运部门出具的空运事故记录。
（3）数量、重量鉴定报验除提供（1）中的a、b、c、d、e外，还应加附重量明细单或磅码单和理货清单。进口商品经收、用货部门验收或其他部门检验的，应加附有关货物的验收记录、重量明细单或检验结果报告单。
（三）进口商品报验的时间及地点
1．报验时间的规定：
（1）报验人应在合同中列明的索赔有效期前不少于1／3的时间，向货物所在地商检机构报验。
（2）索赔期已近，来不及完成检验出证的，报验人必须预先向国外办理延长索赔期手续。
2．报验地点的规定：
（1）外贸合同或运输契约规定进口商品检验地点的，应在规定的地点所在地商检机构报验。如，合同规定凭卸货口岸商检机构出具的品质、重量检验证书作为计算价格、结算贷款的，就应向卸货口岸商检机构报验；（2）大宗散装商品、易腐变质商品，如粮食、原糖、化肥、化工原料、农产品等进口商品，必须向卸货口岸或到达站商检机构报验；（3）在卸货时，发现货物的外包装残损或短件的，必须向卸货口岸或到达站商检机构报验；（4）由内地收货、用货的，货物在国内运输途中又不会发生变质、变量而包装又完好的进口商品可向到货地商检机构报验；（5）需结合安装调试进行检验的成套设备、机电仪产品及在口岸开件检验难以恢复包装的商品，应向到货地商检机构报验。
（四）进口商品报验应注意事项
1．同一合同、同一发票、同一提单限填一份申请单，同一合同、不同发票或提单的，应分别填写申请单。
2．对装船前已经过预检验、监造监制的进口法检商品到达口岸时，仍应按规定进行报验。以货到后商检机构的检验结果为最终结果，并对检验不合格的进口商品签发检验证书，按合同规定对外索赔。
3．对列入《实施安全质量许可制度的进口商品目录》内的进口商品按法定检验商品办理报验，并加附进口质量许可证复件或提供许可证编号。
4．报验人应按合同、发票、提单等项填写申请单，书写工整、清晰、准确，不得随意涂改。
Statutory inspection of imported goods at non-inspection of goods and commodities, statutory inspection of imported commodities are included in the "type table" and other laws and regulations must go through commodity inspection agencies or national Shangjian Ju, commodity inspection organizations designated inspection agency inspection of imported goods. In addition, the import of goods non-statutory inspection of goods.
In handling these two types of goods on post-mortem procedures are different, the former see the goods, the consignee or his agent must be to arrive at stations or commodity inspection authority for the registration of imported goods, by commodity inspection agencies and provides the location and duration And to arrive to thrift institutions for post-mortem on imported goods.
Non-arrival inspection of imported goods, by the close, with imports of goods directly for customs procedures. After the delivery, according to the agreed terms of the contract inspection, commodity inspection found problems Xuping certificate claims, commodity inspection agencies to the location of imported goods at post-mortem.
(A) the statutory inspection of imported goods registered
1. Fill out the "type table" of imported goods registered the application form, filled out one by one according to the following requirements; NO. : A post-mortem was handled No. commodity inspection, was accepted by the staff filled out a post-mortem.
Application for registration: fill out the registration units for the full name and sealed.
The date of registration: fill out an application on the registration date.
Product Number: H.S filled out on the digital encoding 8.
(Weight) of: the actual arrival of (weight) of complete and attach a measurement units.
Imports: according to "imported goods arrive notice" fill in the date of import.
Contract number: buyers and sellers of foreign trade contracts signed between the numbers.
The contract amount: Contract included in the total value of goods and attach a name goods.
Trade country (or region): exports of goods imported from countries (or regions) trade: refers to "general trade" and "three to a meeting" and "border trade" or "other" fill in one way.
To use cargo: cargo unit used to fill in the full name.
2. Should provide the documentation: General shall provide notice of arrival of imported goods, imports of goods declarations, contracts, invoices, bills of lading / AWB, and so on.
3. Commodity inspection agencies audited, after registration, in declarations on with the "have accepted the registration of" chop. Customs covered with a commodity inspection agencies "have accepted the registration of" seal the declarations Yanfang goods. Experience with release of the goods or goods sector should be a timely manner to the relevant provisions of commodity inspection agencies for inspection of imported goods reported.
(B) of imported goods at the post-mortem
1. Filled out a single application for inspection of imported goods according to the following requirements to fill in the application of the corresponding single-section and no description of the actual situation or fill out a checkmark.
A post-mortem, reported: admissibility commodity inspection agencies reported the number of post-mortem, was accepted by the staff filled out a post-mortem.
Baoyandanwei seal: Baoyandanwei filled out the full name and with official seals or at post-mortem Zhuanyong Zhang.
A post-mortem report: completing post-mortem on the date of the day.
Shipper: the contract of the seller.
The goods: the buyer in the contract.
Name Specifications: according to the contract, invoices in the Name fill specifications, such as too many names, the only major names to fill out.
Of the contract: the seller and the buyer signed the contract numbers.
Invoice number: foreign invoice number attached.
HS Code: fill out the "commodity classification and coding system of coordination" in the commodities listed in the 8-bit code.
A post-mortem report: the number of tests to fill in the application, and indicate measurement units name.
A post-mortem on the weight: to fill in the application of the test weight, and indicate NW / GW and commodities unit weight title.
The total value of goods: according to the contract or specify the value of foreign invoices filled out, and indicate the currency name.
Transport: Fill in transport equipment and mode of transport (sea, air and land transportation, etc.). If the goods by sea, carried by the transfer of Hong Kong should be vessel name, port of shipment, transshipment port, the port and the port of destination are filled out clearly.
Imports: fill in imports of goods listed in the notice of arrival date of import.
Discharge date: that the completion date of discharge.
Works to date: the use of units of goods shipped to date.
The claim is valid: According to the terms of the contract filled out the claim period.
(Valid claims have calculated as follows: from the start of the contract is completed the unloading of imports of date or date (not including the day) started, to the last day of the deadline ended. If the statutory deadline for national holidays, it should be Postponed, for example, the claim period of three months, the import date for August 3, the claim is valid on November 3 to only if the claim is valid for 90 days on the validity of claims to November 1 only, because during this period, Some of the month for 31 days, calculated to be noted.
Warranty period: the quality of the guarantee period, the date set for completing the contract.
Packaging: fill out the type of packaging and packaging situation is good. For Yizhuang, should fill out the actual situation.
Markings and numbers: the actual arrival listed on the packaging tag (Mark head) fill out, without the tags should be filled out "N / M".
Applications: If the applicant has special requirements in this column should be clearly stated.
2. Import post-mortem report should provide documentation and information
A post-mortem on different projects, should provide documentation and information is also different, specific information is as follows: (1) quality, specifications post-mortem report should provide the following documents: a. trade contracts signed between the foreign invoices b. c. bill of lading or an air waybill D. packing lists and other imported goods arrive e. f. notice that the quality of foreign g. Manual of Standards and Technology and related information (2) identification of defective post-mortem report, in addition to (1) in a, b, c, d, e, such as the seaborne cargo should also attach a cargo handling company-issued by the cargo handling defective, the Marine report, the University Pro-Vice-visa or guarantees, such as rail transport of goods by railway authorities should be issued by the business records; such as air transport Cargo air transport sector should attach a certificate from the air accident record.
(3) count, weight addition to providing post-mortem report identified (1) in a, b, c, d, e, should also increase the weight Details of single-or code-pound list and cargo handling. The resumption of imports of goods, with cargo inspection departments or other departments of the test, should increase the acceptance of the goods record, weight Details single report or test results alone.
(C) the inspection of imported goods at the time and the place
1. A post-mortem at the time:
(1) A post-mortem report should be specified in the contract is valid claims before not less than 1 / 3 of the time, to the cargo inspection at the seat of commodity inspection agencies.
(2) the claim period almost, there was no time to permit the completion of inspection, testing must be reported in advance to extend the claim period abroad for procedures.
2. A post-mortem on the site provides:
(1) the transport of foreign trade contracts or contract provisions of imported goods inspection sites, should be in place under the seat of commodity inspection agencies at post-mortem. For example, under the contract with ports of discharge issued by the quality of commodity inspection agencies, as the calculation of the weight of inspection certificate prices, settlement of loans, to the discharge port commodity inspection agencies reported post-mortem; (2) the bulk of bulk commodities, perishable goods such as food, the original Sugar, fertilizers, chemicals, agricultural products and other imported goods required to reach the point of discharge ports or commodity inspection agencies at post-mortem (3) in the discharge, they found the goods packaging defective or short pieces, and must be to reach the point of discharge ports or commodity inspection A post-mortem agency reported, (4) receiving from the mainland, with the shipment of goods during transport in the country will not happen again degenerate, variables and the packaging is intact to the arrival of imports of goods and commodity inspection agencies at post-mortem (5) to be combined Commissioning of the test installation of complete sets of equipment, machinery and electrical products and in-port opened to resume testing of packaged goods, commodity inspection agencies should be to arrive at post-mortem.
(D) A post-mortem on imported goods should pay attention to matters
1. The same contract, the same invoices, bills of lading the same limit for a single-filled, the same contract, different invoices or bills of lading, respectively, to fill in the application alone.
2. After the pre-shipment inspection, supervision of the executive producer of imports of goods seized at border control points, still should be carried out post-mortem report. After the goods to the commodity inspection agencies for the final results of the test results and inspection of imported goods failed inspection certificate issued by foreign claims under the contract.
3. On the "implementation of safety and quality licensing system directory of the imported goods" within the statutory inspection of imported goods by post-mortem report for goods and increase the quality of import permits or provide a copy permit code.
4. A post-mortem on who should be the contract, invoices, bills of lading fill out an application alone, writing Gong Zheng, clear, accurate and not free to alter.本回答被提问者采纳