The trial of Joaquín “El Chapo” Guzmán took yet another dramatic turn this week when federal prosecutors called one of their star witnesses to the stand.
您好,when 引导的从句是定语从句还是状语从句可以根据两个方面来分析,一个是 when 在所引导的从句中占据什么句子成分,一个是当 when 引导的从句在句中的位置发生变化时,句子的语义是否还保留着原意。
1)使用 when 在从句中的成分而定,有成分是定语从句,无成分是状语从句
when federal prosecutors called one of their star witnesses to the stand.
从句主语 = federal prosecutors
从句谓语 = called
从句宾语 = one of their star witnesses(of their star witnesses 是介词短语作后置定语修饰宾语 one)
从句状语 = to the stand(地点状语)
从句中没有(表时间)的状语,所以 当 when 替代 this week 时,从句结构就完整了:
Federal prosecutors called one of their star witnesses to the stand this week.
表示 when 在从句中起到了(时间状语)的成分,而 this week 又可以作为 when 的先行词,所以 when 在这里是关系副词,引导定语从句修饰 this week;不是状语从句。
2)假如 when 引导的是状语从句,那么提到句首语义是没问题的,此时 when 作为从属连词,不占据任何成分:
When federal prosecutors called one of their star witnesses to the stand, the trail of ..... yet anothe dramatic turn this week.
很明显的是 when 所引导的句子和 this week 并没有关联。反倒应该是:
When federal prosecutors called one of their star witnesses to the stand this week, the trail of .... yet another dramatic turn. 才是正确的,因为 when 假如引导时间状语从句,就需要标明一个时间,但原句中没有标明任何的时间,而当 this week 放到了 when 引导的从句时,when 才有了(时间)的概念,此时 when 才是(时间状语从句)。
所以原句是定语从句。
when 引导定语从句:
The trial of Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán took
yet another dramatic turn this week when federal prosecutors called one
of their star witnesses to the stand.
when 引导时间状语从句:
The trial of Joaquín "El Chapo" Guzmán took
yet another dramatic turn when federal prosecutors called one
of their star witnesses to the stand this week.